Comparative morphology of the hammer-shaped penisesof two species of opisthobranch mollusсs of the genus Philine Ascanius, 1772 (Opisthobranchia: Cephalaspidea: Philinidae)
E.M. Chaban & E.V. Soldatenko
Abstract. Penises of two species of opisthobranch mollusks of Philine were first examined with use of a scanning electron microscope: Ph. aperta (Linnaeus, 1767) and P. finmarchica M. Sars, 1858. This study revealed significant morphological differences. The morphology of male copulatory apparatus of these species is discussed
Key words: Opistobranchia, Philine, copulatory system, penial morphology
Zoosystematica Rossica, 2009, 18(1): 5-10 ▪ Published in print 3 July 2009
https://doi.org/10.31610/zsr/2009.18.1.5 ▪ Open full article 
References
Bergh, R. 1908. The Opisthobranchiata of South Africa. Transactions of the South African Philosophical Society, 17. Marine investigations in South Africa. 5. Cape Town. 144 pp. https://doi.org/10.1080/21560382.1907.9526085
Bouchet, Ph. 1975. Opisthobranches de profondeur de l’Océan Atlantique. 1. Cephalaspidea. Cahiers de biologie marine, 16: 317-365.
Brown, H.H. 1933-34. A study of a tectibranch gastropod mollusk, Philine aperta (L.). Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, 17(1): 179-210. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0080456800023103
Chaban, E.M. 1999. Rakovinnye zadnezhabernye mollyuski otryadov Cephalaspidea i Anaspidea severnykh i dal’nevostochnykh morey Rossii [Shelled opisthobranchiate mollusks of the orders Cephalaspidea and Anaspidea of northern and Far-East seas of Russia]. Dissertation Cand. Sci. (Biol.) Abstr., St. Petersburg, ZIN RAN. 256 pp. (In Russian).
Gosliner, T.M. 1988. The Philinacea (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Opisthobranchia) of Aldabra Atoll, with descriptions of five new species and a new genus. Biological Society of Washington, Bulletin, 8: 79-100.
Gosliner, T.M. 1994. Gastropoda: Opisthobranchia. In: Harrison, F. W., A. J. Kohn (Eds) Microscopic anatomy of invertebrates. 5. Mollusca 1. New York: Wiley-Liss Inc. 253-355 pp.
Guiart, J. 1901. Contribution a l’étude des Gastéropodes Opisthobranches et en particulier des Céphalaspides. Mémoires de la Société Zoologique de France, 14: 217 p. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.51769
Marcus, Ev. 1974. On some Cephalaspidea (Gastropoda: Opisthobranchia) from the Western and Middle Atlantic warm waters. Bulletin of Marine Science, Sao Paulo, Brazil, 24(2): 300-371.
Marcus, Ev. & Marcus, Er. 1969. Opisthobranchian and Lamellarian Gastropods collected by the “Vema”. American Museum Novitates, 2368: 1-33.
Pruvot-Fol, A. 1930. L’appareil copulateur de la Philine et du Notarchus. Archives de Zoologie experimentale et générale. 70, Notes, No. 2: 45-51.
Thiele, J. 1931. Handbuch der systematischen Weichtierkunde, 2. Jena: Gustav Fischer Verlag. 377-778 p.
Thompson, T.E. 1976. Biology of opisthobranch mollusks, 1. London: The Ray Society. 207 p.
Vayssière, J. 1880. Recherches anatomiques sur les Mollusques de la famille des Bullidés. Annales Sciences Naturelles. Zoologie et Palèontologie, 9(6): 1-123.