[Read before the Nelson Philosophical Society, May 17, 1948; received by the Editor, May 20, 1948.]

Summary

A short account is given of the scientific expeditions and visits of occasional nature by individuals who have contributed in various languages to the knowledge of the Coleopterous fauna of the Auckland Island group. The thirty-five species recorded have been placed in their systematic position, with related references, and when necessary, reasons are advanced for past or present synonymy, accompanied by original descriptions of species not readily accessible to New Zealand workers. A synonymic list of species is included.

Introduction

The personnel of nearly every scientific expedition visiting the Auckland Islands has been without an entomologist sufficiently interested and qualified, to obtain a completely representative collection of the Coleoptera of these islands. All the naturalists who have paid brief visits, with one exception, have had other interests which relegated the collection of Coleoptera to a position of minor importance. The entomologist, G. V. Hudson, who accompanied the 1907 expedition, from which was derived the admirable work, The Subantarctic Islands of New Zealand, was at that time more interested in Lepidoptera than Coleoptera, and, in addition, experienced rather bad weather conditions which militated against obtaining a good collection in the short time at his disposal. It is to be regretted that this section of the fauna has received such an unsatisfactory survey, and additionally, the beetle micro-fauna, so plentiful in low and high altitudes in New Zealand, has received little attention; it is improbable that a representation equal to that of the larger forms would not be present. Two members included in this category are recorded from the Islands, Melanophthalma globipennis (Reitt.) [1·6 to 1·8 mm.] and Acalles kronii Kirsch [1·5 mm.]. This local lack of interest in small forms may be compared with the results of a visit made by the author to the Chatham Islands in 1944, when a number of new micro-forms previously unknown from there was obtained. Considering the species of large ground weevils taken by the early French collectors and by Hudson on the main island, it is surprising that in five months Krone did not find a single representative of this group, but again the converse is true, for Hudson took none of Krone's five Staphylinids, nor Melanophthalma globipennis, Stenococcus aucklandiae and Carphurus venustus, while neither found Calathosoma rubromarginatum nor Geraniella nitidofuscus. Representatives of groups not yet taken in the islands, but which might reasonably be expected to occur, are Pselaphids, Scydmaenids, Colydiids, Tenebrionids of the genus

Among genera and species excluded for various reasons by Mr E. B. Britton in his work on the Carabidae of New Zealand^* is Holcaspis pantomelas (Blanch.); in his synonymy the localities given for this species are Auckland Island and Akaroa, which follows Blanchard's treatment in Voyage au Pole Sud. The latter gave Akaroa as type locality for his species Dromius fossulatus, an Asiatic insect, so it is possible that the Auckland Island record of H. pantomelas may also be incorrect. While doubt exists, it is better to exclude this species from the Auckland Islands list, for nothing approaching it in appearance has been taken by later collectors. Enderlein in 1909 listed Triplax brouni from the Auckland Islands, under Pascoe's original 1876 reference; T. brouni was described by Pascoe from Auckland and not Auckland Island material, received through Broun, so cannot be included in the fauna of the islands. This mistake is repeated by Kuhnt in the same year, with the additional error that this insect belonged to Auckland Island of Korea instead of the southern, New Zealand location.

Where new synonymy is present in species in the following work, this is indicated by the abbreviation (n.syn.).

Order Coleoptera
Family Carabidae
Subfamily Migadopinae

The true position of the three genera of Migadopinae in New Zealand and the Auckland Islands is given by Jeannel in part of his key to the thirteen members in this subfamily, viz:—

Jeannel's generic synonymy of Loxomerus follows, also his table of Auckland Island and New Zealand species.

Gen. Loxomerus Chaudoir

Loxomcrus Chaudoir, 1842, Bull. Moscou, 15, p. 851; type: nebrioides Chaud.; 1861, Bull. Moscou, 34, p. 515.—Lacordaire, 1854, Gen. Col., 1, p. 275.—Hcterodactylus Guerin-Meneville, 1841, Rev. Zool., p. 213; type: nebrioides Guer. (nec. Heterodactylus Spix, 1825, Ophiosauridae).

Subgen. Pristancylus Blanchard, 1853, Voy. Pole Sud, 4, p. 22; type: brevis Blanch. —Euthenarus Broun, 1902, Trans. N.Z. Inst., 34, p. 176 (nec. Euthenaris Bates).

Genus Calathosoma Jeannel

Calathosoma Jeannel, 1938, Rev. Franc. Ent. Paris, 5, p. 18.

Calathosoma rubromarginatum (Blanchard)

Calathosoma rubromarginatum Blanchard, Voy. au Pole Sud., 4, p. 24, 1853 (Calathus); Hombron and Jacquinot, Ibid., pl. 2, fig. 3 (Calathus); Lacordaire, Hist. nat. des Inds., 1, p. 342, 1854 (Calathus); Gemminger and Harold, Cat. Col., 1, p. 364, 1868 (Calathus); Putzeys, Ann. Soc. Ent. Belg., 16, p. 91, 1873 (Calathus); Broun, Man. N.Z. Coleopt., 1, p. 19, 1880 (Calathus); Hutton, Trans. N.Z. Inst., 34, p. 176, 1902 (Calathus); Hutton, Index Faun. Nov. Zeal., p. 143, 1904 (Calathus); Enderlein, Deutsch. Sudpol. Exped., Zool., 2, pt. 4, p. 502, 1909 (Calathus); Broun, Subant. Ids. N.Z., 1, p. 96, 1909 (Calathus); Hudson, Trans. N.Z. Inst., 54, p. 356, 1923 (Calathus); Csiki, Junk Col. Cat., pt. 115, p. 787, 1931 (Calathus); Hudson, N.Z. Beetles and Larvae, p. 174, 1934 (Calathus); Jeannel, Rev. Franc. Ent., 5, fasc. 1, p. 18, 1938; Larsson, Saertryk Ent. Medd., 23, p. 420, 1943 (Calathus).

Figs. 22–25. Gen. Calathosoma, nov.; C. rubromarginatum Blanch., of the Auckland Islands. — Fig. 22. Male, X 8.5. — Fig. 23. Right maxilla and labium, ventral surface, X 32. — Fig. Apex of the left elytron. — Fig. 25. Right anterior tarsus of male.

(After Jeannel). Photograph, R. Blick.

This is a relatively uncommon species; since the original was described by Blanchard, it has been collected only by Mortensen, who found four specimens. Broun, in Vol. 1 of his Manual, on p. 19, has made the following note under Calathus zeelandicus Redt., which is not mentioned in his later work on the Auckland Islands 1907 collections, “Mr. Bates doubts whether this species really belongs to the genus Calathus and adds that C. rubromarginatus Blanch., from the Auckland Islands, is decidedly not a Calathus, having, according to Chandoir, four joints of the male anterior tarsi dilated and brushlike beneath.” Hutton, in referring to C. rubromarginatum, makes use of this reference, for he recapitulates this statement. Jeannel has given its true position by the erection of the genus Calathosoma, which is stated to be closely related to Loxomerus; he also designates the characters of C. rubromarginatum in greater detail than Blanchard and compares features found in Loxomerus.

Genus Oopterus Guerin

Oopterus Guerin. 1841, Rev. Zool., p. 123, Zolus Sharp, 1886, Trans. Roy. Dublin Soc., p. 371. Pseudoopterus Csiki. 1928. Junk Col. Cat., pt. 97, p. 225 (n. syn.).

The conspicuous point which emerges when examining the original descriptions of the genus Oopterus and of its two first described species, O. clivinoides Guer. and O. plicaticollis Blanch., is the lack of detailed information concerning essential characters. These have been extended by Kirsch and Broun, who did not acknowledge their

Oopterus laticollis Kirsch n.sp.: Obovate, shining, black, anterior tibiae and tarsi ferrugineous, femora yellow; head longitudinally impressed on both sides, close to the eyes barely sulcate; thorax one and a half times as wide as long, towards the base less narrow, hind angles projecting slightly outwards, smooth above, base impressed on both sides; elytra oval, at the apex obtusely pointed, striate, the striae sometimes punctate, the first stria recurved to form a fold at the apex, on the third three punctures.

Long. 4, lat. 1 ¾ mill.

Somewhat smaller than Trechus latus Putz., but very similar to the latter, black, sometimes the lateral margins of the elytra, and the back part of the suture reddish, the antennae, tibiac and feet rust red, the recurved margin of the thorax and of the elytra and the femora yellowish. The head on each side with a longitudinal impression and between that and the eye a little short furrow. Thorax 1 ½ times wider than long, broadest in front of the middle, towards the back narrowing less than towards the front, curved at the sides in front of the tapering back corners which project somewhat towards the outside, on top flatter than Trechus latus, smooth, at the base on each side broadly and flatly impressed, close by the back corners with a short impressed line which is bordered at the outside by a slightly raised little fold. The elytra oval, more than 1 ½ times wider than the thorax, crenate at the base, at the apex jointly bluntly elongated, on top as in Trechus latus flatly convex, more distinctly striate than in the former, the striae more or less distinctly punctate, the first one at the apex recurved and pointing towards the front in the shape of a sharply raised longitudinal fold, the third one with three impressed points.

Of this species Krone remarks, “In the neighbourhood of the basaltic foothills, Deas Head on the steeply sloping woody coast under dense shrubs broken by seal tracks and at the foot of arborescent Aspidium venustum, Beginning of December.”

Genus Arpediomimus Cameron

Arpediomimus Cameron, 1917, Ent. Mon. May., 53, p. 277.

Arpediopsis Cameron, 1917 (preoccupied), Ibid., p. 124.

This is evidently a subantarctic group, for its two members are A. kronii and A. falklandicus, the latter from the Falkland Islands. With the exception of A. kronii, Fauvel examined all of Krone's material and gave a key to Omalium albipenne, O. insulare, O. pacificum and O. subcylindricum; as O. subcylindricum appears to belong to a new genus, the key is no longer significant.

Arpediomimus kronii (Kiesenwetter)

Arpediomimus kronii Kiesenwetter, Deutsch. Ent. Zeit., 21, p. 161, 1877 (Omalium) (n.syn.); Krone, Ibid., p. 155, 1877 (Omalium); Fauvel, Ann. Mus. Civ., Gen., 10, p. 188, 1877 (Omalium); Duvivier, Munich Cat., Suppl. 1, Staphyl., p. 199, 1883 (Homalium); Fauvel, Rev. d'Entom., 4, p. 311, 1885 (Homalium); Bernhauer, Schubert and Scheerpeltz., Junk Col. Cat., pt. 19, p. 54, 1910 (Omalium).

Omalium longiceps Broun, N.Z. Inst. Bull., 1, pt. 2, p. 89, 1914 (n.syn.); Hudson, N.Z. Beetles and Larvae, p. 181, 1934.

A. kronii was obtained by Krone “At the foot of an old Dracophyllum longifolium Hook. in dense virgin forest from the boggy humus of Auckland Island somewhat above Venus Valley towards the north, December 1874. Only one specimen.” In habitus it differs from A. falklandicus, which was taken on sandy beaches in the vicinity of Port Stanley, in decaying kelp, Macrocystis pyrifera. The New Zealand record of A. kronii is due to Philpott, who found a pair at Hakapona, Southland, in March, 1911; this extends the range of the

species to what is probably its northern limits. The association of the Hakapoua material is not known, as Philpott collected on the sea coast en route to Lake Hakapoua, as well as at the lake itself.

Genus Omalium Gravenhorst

Omalium Gravenhorst, 1802, Col. Micropt. Brunsvio., p. 111.

Omalium insulare Kiesenwetter

Omalium insulare Kiesenwetter, Deutsch. Ent. Zeit., 21, p. 163, 1877; Krone, Ibid., p. 155, 1877; Fauvel, Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen., 10, pp. 187, 189, 1877; Duvivier, Munich Cat., Suppl. 1, Staphyl., p. 199, 1883 (Homalium); Fauvel, Rev. d'Entom., 4, p. 311, 1885 (Homalium); Bernhauer, Schubert and Scheerpeltz, Junk Col. Cat., pt. 19, p. 54, 1910.

The original description of O. insulare is now given.

Omalium insulare Ksw.: Oblong, somewhat shining, piceous or reddish piceous, legs full yellow brown, head, thorax and elytra rugulosc punctate, abdomen opaque, alutaceous, obsoletely sparsely punctate, base of thorax narrowed sinuately, four foveae, two subarcuate discoidal and two at the sides.

Long. 4 mill.

Antennae subequal to the head and thorax, towards the apex slightly thickened, rust red. Head somewhat shining, wide, with the clypeus broadly rotundate-truncate, unequal, the front between the eyes on both sides deeply foveolate, clypeus longitudinally impressed on both sides, in the middle somewhat swollen, smooth, unequally more strongly punctate, disc black with the sides red. Thorax subcordate, towards the base moderately narrowed with the base and apex truncate, the sides in the middle strongly rotundate; towards the base sinuately narrowed, basal angles rectangular, and the front obtuse; transverse, not very convex, unequal, with four impressions, disc with two subarcuate foveae, on both sides laterally the fovea stretches from the posterior angles to the middle, somewhat shining, more boldly less densely and unequally punctate. Scutellum, broad, smooth, shining. Elytra broader and a little longer than the thorax with bolder rugulose punctuation, some lines elevated, sometimes furrows obsolete, glabrous. Abdomen moderately clongate, alutaceous, sparingly minutely obsoletely punctate, rare larger punctures subseriate. Legs rusty red brown.

Krone's notes regarding O. insulare are: “From the damp boggy plateau of the Hooker Hills, overgrown with grass tufts, from the bog. November 1874.”

Omalium (Omaliomimus?) pacificum Kiesenwetter

Omalium pacificum Kiesenwetter, Deutsch. Ent. Zeit., 21, p. 163, 1877; Krone, Ibid., p. 155, 1877; Fauvel, Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen., 10, pp. 188, 190, 1877; Duvivier, Munich Cat., Suppl. 1, Staphyl., p. 199, 1883 (Homalium pacifrons); Fauvel, Rev. d'Entom., 4. p. 311, 1885 (Homalium,); Bernhauer, Schubert and Scheerpeltz, Junk Col. Cat., pt. 19, p. 55, 1910.

Omaliomimus flavipennis Cameron, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (11), 14, p. 723, 1948

(n.syn.).

Kiesenwetter's description follows:

Omalium pacificum Ksw.: Somewhat shining, piceous, antennae at the base, abdomen at the apex, and legs dull yellow brown, head and thorax thickly, elytra more densely punctate, the two foveae oblong, subarcuate, clytra a little broader and longer than the thorax. Long. 3. mill.

This species is very like Omalium rivularum; this species is very distinct with a wider head, the base less constricted, wider in front of the eyes, more broadly rotundate, with smaller less convex eyes; with the sixth antennal joint more thickened, thorax a little longer, more densely punctate, narrower and shorter elytra; in the remaining characters very like O. rivularum.

Although the number of specimens collected is not given by Krone, they must have been represented plentifully, for he says, “Out of the swamp ground underneath laid out animal corpses; main island, and especially Enderby Island; together with Cyclonotum pictum

As is usual with most necrophagous associations, O. albipenne is a common but local species and is present in several colour variants, according to Kiesenwetter's description.

Omalium albipenne Kiesw.: Somewhat shining, black, piceous or rusty red brown, elytra pale, sometimes towards the apex black or piceous, base of the antennae and legs dull yellow brown, head glabrous, thorax more finely unequally punctate, smooth in parts, two slightly bow shaped longitudinal foveae, elytra densely rugosely punctate. abdomen more strongly densely punctate, opaque. Long. 3.5–4 mill.

Black, piceous, rusty red brown or dull yellow brown, elytra pale, towards the apex pitchy black, antennae at the base and the legs dull yellow brown. Antennae subequal in length to the head and thorax, joints 1–5 more slender, dull yellow brown, the following abruptly larger, black, penultimate a little broader than long, covered with grey hair. Head smooth, sparsely and more finely punctate, slightly convex, front between the eyes deeply bifoveolate, piceous or dull yellow brown, mouth dull yellow brown. Thorax a little wider than the head, narrower than elytra, smooth, subquadrate, slightly transverse, narrowed towards the base, the sides towards the apex rotundate, posterior angles obtuse, anterior rotundate; thorax not very convex, uneven, with two longitudinal fovcae less deep, slightly bowed, in the foveae alutaceous, less finely, more sparingly punctate, the punctures of varying sizes. Elytra smooth, less finely and more densely alutaceous, punctate, one and a half times as long and as wide as the thorax, the external apical angles rotundate, the internal rectangular. Wings not flat. Abdomen opaque, densely and less finely punctate, greyish haired. Legs dull yellow brown.

var. a. Piceous unicolorous, rare.

var. b. Head, thorax and elytra except for a large white humeral spot, piceous or pitchy black; the abdomen at the apex testaceous.

var. c. Piceous, elytra white.

var. d. Reddish testaceous, or testaceous, elytra lighter or barely lighter.

Very immature individuals are reddish testaceous, there occur rarely however individuals with pale white elytra. Piceous individuals vary greatly.

The species in all characters and in the impressed mouth parts (properly examined) agrees with the true Omalium.

Krone secured a series of this species in its special association: “Only on sand dunes on the south side of Enderby Island, amongst old bones of sea birds and seals lying about, on January 26th. and 27th. 1875.”

The type localities from which Cameron's O. zealandicum was obtained, are Musgrave Peninsula Carnley Harbour, and Adont Station.

Genus Creophilus (Kirby, M. S.) Samouelle

Crcophilus (Kirby, M. S.) Samouelle, 1819, Entom. Comp., p. 172; Mannerheim, 1831. Mem. pres. Acad. St. Petersb)., 1, (5), p. 440.

Creophilus oculatus (Fabricius)

Creophilus oculatus Fabricius, Syst. Ent., p. 265, 1775 (Staphylinus); Goeze, Ent. Beitr., 1, p. 724, 1777 (Staphylinus); Fabricius, Spec. Ins., 1, p. 335, 1781 (Staphylinus); Fabricius, Mant. Ins., 1, p. 220, 1787 (Staphylinus); Fabricius, Ent. Syst., 1, pt. 2, p. 521, 1792 (Staphylinus); Fabricius, Ibid., Index, p. 158, 1796 (Staphylinus); Fabricius, Syst. Eleuth., 2, p. 592, 1801 (Staphylinus); Gravenhorst, Mon. Col. Micr., p. 120, 1806 (Staphylinus); Olivier, Ent. Hist. Nat. des Ins., 3, p. 11, 1795 (Staphylinus); Olivier, Ibid., 7, no. 42, pl. 2, fig. 19, 1808 (Staphylinus); Boisduval, Voy. Astrol., 2, p. 54, pl. 9, fig. 1, 1835 (Staphylinus); Nordmann, Symb. Mon. Staph., p. 23, 1837; Silbermann, Rev. Entom., 5, p. 291, 1837 (Staphylinus); Erichson, Gen. Staph., p. 352, 1840 (Staphylinus); Erichson, Ibid. (Fogg translation), Pap. Roy. Soc. Tasm., 3, (2), p. 312, 1859 (Staphylinus); Hofrathe and Gravenhorst. Zeitschr. fur Entom. (Germar), 2, p. 218, 1840: Dieffenbach. Travels in

Genus Quedius Stephens

Quedius Stephens, 1829, Nom. Brit. Ins., p. 22 (u.n.); 1832, Ill. Brit. Ent. (Mand. 5), p. 215.

Quedius secretus Cameron

Quedius secretus Cameron, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (11), 14, p. 725, 1948.

The type locality of Q. secretus is Musgrave Peninsula, Carnley Harbour, and it was obtained from leaf mould; it was probably taken at the same time as Q. aliiceps.

Quedius aliiceps Cameron

Quedius aliiceps Cameron. Ann. May. Nat. Hist., (11), 14, p. 726, 1948.

Apart from colour, this species differs from Q. secretus mainly in thoracic characters and in the abdominal punctation and pubescence. Collected on Musgrave Peninsula, Carnley Harbour, 19.5.47.

Genus Sipalia Mulsant and Rey

Sipalia Mulsant and Rey, 1853, Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon (n.s.), 1, p. 32, pl. 2, figs. 1–2; 1853, Opusc. Ent., 2, p. 45.

Leptusa Kraatz, 1858, Naturgesch. Ins. Deutsch., 2, p. 60.

Geostiba Thomson, 1858, Ofvers. svenska Vetensk. Akad. Forh., 15, p. 33. Pachygluta Thomson, 1858, Ibid., 15, p. 34.

Halmaeusa Kiesenwetter, 1877, Deutsch. Ent. Zeit., 21, p. 160.

The generic synonymy is as represented by Fauvel in 1877, with the addition of Geostiba. Fenyes, when dealing with the Aleocharinae in Genera Insectorum in 1918, made no reference to Fauvel's opinion and repeated the substance of Kiesenwetter's generic diagnosis, in which was incorporated details contained in the specific description. Sipalia is given, with twenty-eight other genera, as a synonym of Homalota by Gemminger and Harold in 1868. The final generic position of Sipalia antarctica will need further investigation.

Sipalia antarctica (Kiesenwetter)

Sipalia antarctica Kiesenwetter, Deutsch. Ent. Zeit., 21, p. 161, 1877 (Halmaeusa); Krone, Ibid., p. 154, 1877 (Halmaeusa); Fauvel, Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen., p. 293, 1877; Eichelbaum. Mem. Soc. Ent. Belg., 17, p. 208, 1909 (? Halmaeusa); Fenyes, Gen. Insect., Fasc. 173a, p. 79, 1918 (Halmaeusa); Bernhauer, Schubert and Scheerpeltz, Junk Col. Cat., pt. 82, p. 556, 1926 (Leptusa).

Kiesenwetter described the species as follows:

Halmaeusa, antarctica Ksw. n.sp. Elongate, pitchy red, the abdomen before the apex black, behind slightly dilate, more strongly, more densely punctate, thorax subrotundate, elytra much shorter than the former. Long. 2.5–3 mill.

Head rounded, not at all prolongate, in the front at the base slightly narrowed, eyes small and not very convex; head convex, somewhat shining, more densely punctate. Antennae rust red, towards the apex infuscate. Thorax subrotundate, base and apex truncate, in front a little, behind to a greater extent, narrowed, the sides rounded, front angles rotundate, the hind obtuse, slightly convex, with very fine sparse grey hairs. Elytra equal in length to the thorax, or a little narrower, nearly twice as short, apex truncate, more densely and more strongly punctate, shining, grey haired. Abdomen towards the apex gradually slightly dilated, somewhat shining, less densely and boldly punctate, the second last dorsal segment of the male with an obsolete carina, striking. Legs rust red.

Of this species Krone says, “From the dense and high grass tufts of the plateau above Venus Valley on the main island caught in a butterfly net: midsummer, 31st. December.”

Genus Paracatops Portevin

Paracatops Portevin, 1907, Ann. Soc. Ent. France, 76, p. 69.

Paracatops was erected by Portevin to receive Choleva antipoda Kirsch as genotype, of which he gives these details:

Paracatops nov. gen. Mesosternum not carinate. Second joint of palpi wide, third very small.

By its elytra parallel striate to their base and its simple mesosternum, this genus is intermediate between Catops and Anemadus. It is distinguished both from the one and the other by the singular form of its maxilliary palpi whose second joint is dilated into a broad oval and the last narrow and very short. I create this genus for Choleva antipodum Kirsch (Deutsch. Ent. Zeitschr., 1877, p. 144), of Auckland.

Paracatops antipodum (Kirsch)

Paracatops antipodum Kirsch, Deutsch. Ent. Zeit., 21, p. 164, 1877 (Choleva); Krone, Ibid., p. 155, 1877 (Choleva); Portevin, Ann. Soc. Ent. France, 76, p. 69, 1907; Portevin, Ann. Soc. Ent. Belg., 58, p. 192, 1914; Jeannel and Hatch, Junk Col. Cat., pt. 95, p. 209, 1928.

Catops avivorus Broun, Subant. Ids. N.Z., 1, pp. 81, 101, 1909 (n.syn.); Hudson, Ibid., p. 60, 1909; Hudson, Trans. N.Z. Inst., 54, p. 363, 1923 (Choleva); Jeannel and Hatch, Junk Col. Cat., pt. 95, p. 189, 1928; Hudson, N.Z. Beetles and Larvac, p. 187, 1934 (Choleva).

An examination of the descriptions of Choleva antipoda Kirsch and Catops avivorus Broun leaves no doubt of the synonymy, so it is not necessary here to give the description by Kirsch. Apparently, by an error of proof reading, Choleva was given by Broun as the genus with Catops a synonym, yet Broun left his species C. avivorus under Catops: later Hudson referred to it as Choleva.

Krone's remarks concerning this species are: “Collected always together with the lazy Cyclonotum pictum Ksh. from the laid out corpses. On the Auckland and Enderby Islands. End of November until February.” In the general notes by Hudson of insects collected at the Auckland Islands, he refers to Catops avivorus: “A long series of this necrophagous beetle was found by Mr H. D. Cook in a bird's skull on a small island in Camp Cove, Carnley Harbour.” Broun, in the descriptive section, erroneously credits them to Hudson; the latter supplied the detail that C. avivorus was found within the head of a kingfisher. Six of these specimens are in the Hudson collection in the Dominion Museum.

Genus Melanophthalma Motschoulsky

Melanophthalma Motschoulsky, 1866, Bull. Soc. imp. Nat. Moscou, 39 (2), p. 269.

Sharp^* draws attention to an important matter regarding distinctions occurring in Melanophthalma, Corticaria and Corticarina, which has significance, considering that Belon places M. globipennis in the subgenus Corticarina, a position which appears to be untenable.

Melanophthalma globipennis (Reitter)

Mclanophthalma globipennis Reitter, Mitth. Munch. ent. Ver., p. 139, 1881 (Corticaria); Belon, Classif. Lathrid., Lyons, p. 203, 1897 (subgen. Corticarina); Belon, Gen. Insect., Fasc. 3, p. 35, 1902 (subgen, Corticarina); Hetschko, Junk Col. Cat., pt. 85, p. 69, 1926.

A translation of Reitter's description of M. globipennis is now given.

Corticaria globipennis n.sp. Ferruginous fuscous, densely punctate, convex, finely pubescent, legs testaceous, antennae nigrofuscous, with the base testaceous, the club three segmented, all the joints oblong, the last larger, elongate; head scarcely narrower than the thorax, this narrow, hardly transverse, sides lightly rounded in middle, base very lightly transversely impressed, the impression more or less trifoveate, with the fovea sometimes very indistinct, elytra shortly oval, subglobose, the sides very much widened, rounded, densely and strongly punctate. Auckland Islands. Royal Museum in Dresden.

Allied to and resembling C. gibbosa, the head is, however, scarcely narrower than the thorax, the latter with much more superficial impressions, the elytra almost hemispherical.

Although members of this genus may be taken in great numbers when the correct association is encountered, only Krone has found M. globipennis, of which he makes casual mention: “A Corticaria and a brown Curculionid, with a light arrow shaped pointed marking on its back were also collected from the main Auckland Island around Port Ross.”

Genus Stenococcus Weise

Stenococcus Weise, 1895. Ann. Ent. Soc. Belg., 30, p. 144.

Weise separates Stenococcus from the New Zealand Rhizobiinae formerly under Scymnus, which, in supplying his generic key to these two groups, he places in a new genus Adoxellus, to include in particular A. flavihirtus (Broun) and A. picinus (Broun). The key to Adoxellus and Stenococcus is reproduced, according to Weise.

This key will need some modifications and additions to embrace all the species listed in New Zealand up till now as Scymnus. An additional alteration in the Coccinellids has also been made under this reference. Until now, Crassiculus venustus Pasc. has been consistently placed in New Zealand literature under Cranophorus: Weise puts it in Crassiculus, which he describes as being close to Cranophorus.

Senococcus aucklandiae (Kirsch)

Stenococcus aucklandiae Kirsch. Deutsch. Ent. Zeit., 21, p. 173, 1877 (Rhizobius); Krone, Ibid., p. 156, 1877 (Rhizobius); Weise, Ann. Ent. Soc. Belg., 39, pp. 143, 144, 1895; Korchefsky, Junk Col. Cat., pt. 118, p. 87, 1931.

The description by Kirsch of Stenococcus aucklandiae is included here, in its original form.

Rhizobius aucklandiae: Oblong, pubescent, closely punctate, blackish fuscous, antennae, palpi, the sides of the thorax, the oblique discoidal vitta of the elytra and the lateral margin (broader at apex) and the legs sulphur yellow. Long. 3, wide 1 ½ mill.

Male: head and thorax sulphur yellow, on the latter a large basal black spot.

Belonging to the third group of Mulsant's amongst the Rhizobii s.str. In shape and size rather resembling our R. litura, also just as evenly and densely punctulate and pilose. Black-brown, the mouth parts, antennae, apex of abdomen and legs yellowish, rarely the femora somewhat brownish. The head in the male yellow, in the female black. Thorax in the male wider than in the female, yellow with a large, semi-circular black spot on the base, reaching near to the front margin, leaving free on each side only a quarter of the black margin, in the female black, at the sides more or less broadly yellow-edged, the yellow colouring towards the front broadening, in the lightest specimens leaving free only the middle third of the front margin. Elytra varying greatly in the markings according to the prevalence of the yellow or dark colouring, sometimes yellow with a joint dark longitudinal spot reaching up to somewhat over the middle and with a dark longitudinal band indicated faintly only in the middle.

S. aucklandiae was taken by Krone under circumstances rather peculiar for members of this family: “Collected under the laid out corpses in the virgin forest at Port Ross, Jan. 1875.”

Genus Liochoria Pascoe

Liochoria Pascoe, 1875, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (4), 16, p. 212.

Epichorius Kirsch, 1877, Deutsch. Ent. Zeit., 21, p. 165 (n.syn.).

In the New Zealand Byrrhidae it is difficult to recognise where generic characters end and specific features commence and a much more exhaustive study is needed, accompanied by examination of large numbers of specimens, before the position becomes clear. Liochoria has the bisinuate base to the thorax and elytra of Pedilophorus, and there remains for distinction only the perfoliate joints 6–10 of the antennae. A provisional key, assembled from the important characters of genera, available from descriptions, is now presented.

Liochoria pedinoides (Blanchard)

Liochoria pedinoides Blanchard, Voy. au Pole Sud, 4, p. 175, 1853 (Rygmodus) [nec Rygmodus pedinoides White, 1846] (n.syn.); Hombron and Jacquinot, Ibid., pl. 2, fig. 17 [non 16] (Rygmodus); Enderlein, Deutsch. Sudpol. Exped., Zool., 2, pt. 4, p. 503, 1909 (Rygmodus).

Epichorius aucklandiae Kirsch, Deutsch. Ent. Zeit., 21, p. 166, 1877 (n.syn.); Krone, Ibid., p. 155, 1877; Pic, Junk Col. Cat., pt. 58, p. 52, 1914.

Liochoria sumptuosa Broun, Subant. Ids. N.Z., 1, pp. 81, 103, 1909 (n.syn.); Hudson, Ibid., p. 60, 1909; Dalla Torre, Junk Col. Cat., pt. 33, p. 16, 1911; Hudson, Trans. N.Z. Inst., 54, p. 373, 1923; Hudson, N.Z. Beetles and Larvae, p. 194, 1934.

Blanchard has caused some confusion in the two species referred to in Voyage au Pole Sud as Rygmodus pedinoides White and Pseudhelops tuberculatus Guer. While correctly describing the latter, figure 16 in plate 2 represents this species and not figure 17; the apical clytral elevations are not present in figure 16, but have been transferred to figure 17, which also possesses the legs of P. tuberculatus. A reversal of the names has occurred in figures 16 and 17, which is

apparent additionally from Blanchard's remarks in his descriptions of the two species, but he would still be incorrect in considering figure 17 as Rygmodus pedinoides, for the figure, with the omission of the two characters just mentioned, is identical with the species later described by Kirsch as Epichorius aucklandiae. Blanchard's description, in conjunction with figure 17, while somewhat confused, due to substitution of characters, is still sufficiently clear for the retention of his species. Rygmodus pedinoides cannot be included in the fauna of the island as the record is based on a misconception. That Kirsch recognised Blanchard's error is apparent, though he did not regard the latter's description of Rygmodus pedinoides as sufficient to equal his own species, Epichorius aucklandiae: “The illustration given l.c. by Blanchard is a very clear picture of the above described animal, especially the shape, colour and sculpture of the elytra coincided completely, only the legs are not right, since they are drawn heteromerous and do not bear the lamella. In the text in the description of the sculpture of the elytra the 3–4 tubercles in front of the apex of Pseudhelops tuberculatus Guer. are combined with the sculpture of the above described species (K.).” Under his reference to P. tuberculatus and the two figures in question, Kirsch again sees the analogy of Blanchard's description with his E. aucklandiae. “Comparing the descriptions of the elytral sculpture by Guerin and Blanchard, one sees that they do not refer to the same species. For our specimens Guerin's description applies while not a trace can be found of the ‘irregular transverse elevations' (after Blanchard), which are also indicated in the illustration in the Voyage Pole Sud. As mentioned above, the illustration and also a part of the description referred probably to Epichorius aucklandiae.”

Blanchard comments on what he considers to be R. pedinoides. “This species does not appear to be very rare in the Auckland Islands.” Krone also collected L. pedinoides. “This unique specimen landed on my camera on January 21st. 1875, while I was taking photographs at the southern coast of Rose Island.” It appears much more probable that Krone's specimen crawled into the folds of his camera while it was on the ground and was noticed later, for the species is apterous; from the narrative of others it should be plentiful and would not have been his only specimen had Krone collected systematically. Hudson obtained two individuals under logs at Carnley Harbour and one from Enderby Island; Dr. Benham secured one at Erebus Cove.

Liochoria longula Broun

Liochoria longula Broun, Subant. Ids. N.Z., 1, pp. 81, 104, 1909; Hudson, Ibid., p. 60, 1909; Dalla Torre, Junk Col. Cat., pt. 33, p. 16, 1911; Hudson, Trans. N.Z. Inst., 54, p. 373, 1923; Hudson, N.Z. Beetles and Larvae, p. 194, 1934.

Hudson secured two specimens under logs at Carnley Harbour, of which one, a mutilated specimen, was sent to Broun; this is the type, which is probably in the British Museum as the second specimen, a perfect individual, is in the Hudson collection in the Dominion Museum.

Genus Namostygnus Broun

Namostygnus Broun, 1909, Subant. Ids. N.Z., p. 98.

Namostygnus pictus (Kirsch)

Namostygnus pictus Kirsch, Deutsch. Ent. Zeit., 21, p. 159, 1877 (Cyclonotum); Krone, Ibid., p. 154, 1877 (Cyclonotum); Zaitev, Horae Soc. Ent. Ross., 38, p. 404, 1908 (Coelostoma); d'Orchmont, Ann. Soc. Ent. Belg., 57, p. 320, 1913; Kirsch, Junk Col. Cat., pt. 79, p. 109, 1924; d'Orchmont, Occ. Pap. Bishop Mus., Hawaii, 13, (13), p. 157, 1937.

Namostygnus rufipes Broun, Subant. Ids. N.Z., 1, pp. 81, 99, 1909; d'Orchmont, Ann. Soc. Ent. Belg., 57, p. 320, 1913; Hudson, Trans. N.Z. Inst., 54, p. 360, 1923; Hudson, N.Z. Beetles and Larvae, p. 195, 1934; d'Orchmont, Occ. Pap. Bishop Mus., Hawaii, 13, (13), p. 157, 1937.

Krone took this species “From the laid out corpses of skinned birds (Cormorants, gulls, albatrosses, etc.) also from seal corpses in which it crawls about lazily, collected on the main Island and on Enderby Island, always together with the very agile Choleva antipoda Ksch. End of November until into February. The variety of it was collected from seal corpses on Enderby Island on January 26th.” Hudson obtained the specimen described by Broun, but does not give any details of the association or whether more than one was taken; there are no individuals of N. pictum in the Hudson collection in the Dominion Museum.

Genus Carphurus Erichson

Carphurus Erichson, 1840, Entomographien, p. 132.

Carphurus venustus Kirsch

Carphurus venustus Kirsch. Deutsch. Ent. Zeit., 21, p. 167, 1877; Krone, Ibid., p. 155, 1877; Greiner, Junk Col. Cat., pt. 159, p. 10, 1937.

Although the description of C. venustus is preceded by the abbreviation Ksw., the name Kirsch appears in brackets at the end. Krone does not refer specifically to this insect, and as it appears in the group of species described by Kirsch, it is credited to him. The form of the description is as follows.

Carphurus venustus Ksw. Dark, mouth, clypeus, shoulders of the prothorax, and the legs partly dull yellow brown.

Long. 3.5 mill.

Antennae serrate. brown, base dull yellow brown. Head a little wider than the thorax, eyes convex, moderately prominent, fuscous, somewhat shining, vertex transversely rugose, covered with long, erect hair, front, clypeus and mouth dull yellow brown, labrum and the base of the mandibles infuscate. Thorax dull yellow brown, shining, subquadrate, longer than wide, base and apex truncate, apex subrotundate, with the sides not very rounded, all the angles obtuse, at the base broadly transversely impressed, covered with long erect black hair. Elytra at the apex twice as long as the thorax, shoulders piceous, shoulders and lateral border dull yellow brown, somewhat shining, rugose, less finely punctate, sparingly black haired. Abdomen elongate, elytra projecting beyond. Legs dark, front tibiae dull yellow brown (Kirsch).

Some New Zealand Dasytids, now in the genus Dasytes, will be transferred ultimately to the Malachiidae, as the extrusion of abdominal vesicles, characteristic of the Malachiidae, has been observed personally, in living specimens.

C. venustus was found by Krone “At the north coast from the beautiful scarlet red flowers of Metrosideros lucida Hook, in January 1875; caught in a butterfly net.”

Genus Geraniella nom. nov.

Geraniella nom. nov., pro Geranus Sharp, 1877

Family Tenebrionidae Subfamily Adeliinae

it to become Pseudhelops, quite apart from the essentially male character in P. bullatum of the internal middle dilation of the front tibiae.

Pseudhelops tuberculatus Guerin

Pseudhelops tuberculatus Guerin, Rev. Zool., p. 125, 1841; Dieffenbach, Travels in N.Z., p. 274, 1843; White, Voy. Ereb. and Terr., pt. 2, p. 11, 1846; Blanchard, Voy. au Pole Sud, 4, p. 175, 1853; Hombron and Jacquinot, Ibid., pl. 2, fig. 16 (non 17), 1853; Chenu, Encyc. Hist. Nat., 3, p. 167, 1860; Gemminger and Harold, Cat. Col., 7, p. 2007, 1870; Hutton, Trans. N.Z. Inst, 34, p. 176, 1902 (Adelium); Enderlein, Deutsch. Sudpol. Exped., Zool. 2, pt. 4, p. 503, 1909: Broun. Subant. Ids. N.Z., 1, pp. 81, 106, 1909; Hudson, Ibid., p. 60. 1909; Geiben, Junk Col. Cat., pt. 28, p. 513, 1911; Hudson, Trans. N.Z. Inst., 54, p. 384, 1923; Hudson, N.Z. Beetles and Larvac, p. 202, 1934. Pseudhelops substriatus Broun, Bull. 1, N.Z. Inst., p. 47, 1910; Hudson, Trans. N.Z. Inst., 54, p. 384, 1923; Hudson, N.Z. Beetles and Larvae, p. 202, 1934. Pscudhelops nodosus Broun, Bull. 1, N.Z. Inst., p. 47, 1910 (n.syn.); Hudson, Trans. N.Z. Inst., 54, p. 384, 1923; Hudson, N.Z. Beetles and Larvae, p. 202, 1934.

It has already been noted^† that P. substriatus Broun is a synonym of P. tuberculatus Guer.: P. nodosus also belongs here.

Krone found the species plentiful, for he states: “Underneath half peeled off bark on old Metrosideros trunks. The color varied between copper bronze, bluish black and dark violet. In December and January at the time of the best Metrosideros bloom. On the main island.” Of P. tuberculatus Hudson says: “This is one of the commonest beetles on Auckland Island. It occurred in profusion under the bark of the rata-trees round Carnley Harbour, and was also found on Enderby Island. It has a considerable superficial resemblance to Adelium amaroides, a common and widely distributed New Zealand species.”

Two genera are represented in this subfamily. Aucklandius (Catodryobius of Broun) and Heterexis. The latter is sufficiently distinct, in possessing apical serobes, but the relationship of Catodryobius is very unsatisfactory; after making a comparative examination of all the described characters there emerge only two which can give distinction, in that Catodryobius has a cariniform mesosternal process and has the second ventral abdominal segment half the length of the first. Ventral characters of Hudson's specimens of Catodryobius could not be seen as they were all stuck tightly to their card mounts and permission for their removal was not obtained. Catodryobius is undoubtedly a synonym of Aucklandius.

Genus Aucklandius (Blanchard)

Aucklandius Blanchard, 1853. Voy. au Pole Sud, 4, p. 208 (Oclandius); Gemminger and Harold, Cat. Col., 8. p. 2242, 1871.

Catodryobius Broun, 1909, Subant. Ids. N.Z., 1, p. 108 (n.syn.).

Gemminger and Harold in 1871 changed Oclandius, a nomen-geographicum, to Aucklandius, giving the locality of the genotype A. cinereus (Blanch.) incorrectly as Auckland.

Aucklandius cinereus (Blanchard)

Aucklandius cinereus Blanchard, Voy. au Pole Sud, 4, p. 203. 1853 (Oclandius); Hombron and Jacquinot, Ibid., pl. 13, fig. 17. 1853 (Oclandius); Lacordaire,

The setae on the apex of the rostrum of H. laeviusculus are duplicated in H. sculptipennis, which is said by Broun, quite incorrectly, to possess only two; the others have been broken off in H. sculptipennis, but their position on the rostrum of the type is plainly shown. That ocular lobes are absent in H. sculptipennis, might also almost apply to H. laeviusculus and a series of Heterexis from Adams Island will probably show this to be a variable character; the difference in size has no specific value. The original pair of H. laeviusculus was taken on the high land on the way to the albatross nesting ground on Adams Island in 1901 by Captain J. Bollons, while feeding on Ligusticum antipodum, and the pair of H. sculptipennis was obtained on Adams Island in 1907 by R. Speight. The type specimen of H. sculptipennis is in the Hudson collection in the Dominion Museum.

Genus Inocatoptes Broun
Inocatoptes Broun, 1901, Trans. N.Z. Inst., 34, p. 178

Inocatoptes incertus Broun

Inocatoptes incertus Broun, Trans. N.Z. Inst., 34, p. 178, 1901; Hutton, Ibid., pp. 175, 176, 1901; Hutton, Index Faun. Nov. Zeal., p. 202, 1904; Broun, Subant. Ids. N.Z., 1, pp. 82, 113, 1909; Hudson, Trans. N.Z. Inst., 54, pp. 388, 389, 1923; Schenkling and Marshall, Junk Col. Cat., pt. 114, p. 19, 1931; Hudson, N.Z. Beetles and Larvae, p. 214, 1934.

The type of I. incertus, which was taken on the main Island by the Hon. H. C. Butler, is not greatly removed from the teneral state and possesses both mandibular cusps; as Broun states, the type is lodged in the Canterbury Museum.

Genus Steriphus Erichson
Steriphus Erichson, 1842, Arch. Naturgesch., 8 (1), p. 190

Steriphus insularis (Blanchard)

Steriphus insularis Blanchard, Voy. au Pole Sud., p. 208, 1853 (Gromilius) (n.syn.); Hombron and Jacquinot, Ibid., pl. 14, fig. 11, 1853 (Gromilus); Lacordaire, Hist. Nat. des Ins., 6, p. 621, 1863 (Gromilus); Gemminger and Harold, Cat. Col., 8, p. 2361, 1871 (Gromilus); Schenkling and Marshall, Junk Col. Cat., pt. 114, p. 17, 1931 (Gromilus).

Steriphus opacus Kirsch, Deutsch. Ent. Zeit., 21, p. 169, 1877 (n.syn.); Krone, Ibid., p. 156, 1877; Schenkling and Marshall, Junk Col. Cat., pt. 114, p. 14, 1931.

Hycanus cockaynei Broun, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (7), 15, p. 546, 1905 (n.syn.); Broun, Subant. Ids. N.Z., 1, pp. 82, 116, 1909; Hudson, Trans. N.Z. Inst., 54, p. 391, 1923; Schenkling and Marshall, Junk Col. Cat., pt. 106, p. 54, 1929; Hudson, N.Z. Beetles and Larvae, p. 216, 1934.

Although Blanchard deseribed S. insularis in Gromilus, he failed to characterise the genus, which is nomen nudum. Kirsch evidently did not see Blanchard's description of Gromilus insularis. otherwise he would have recognised the synonymy of his species Steriphus opacus. Broun's Hycanus cockaynei is a synonym of S. insularis. Blanchard's description of S. insularis, though omitting many details when compared with the descriptions of Kirsch and Broun, is now given.

Gromilus insularis. Pl. 14, fig. 11: Slightly narrow, oblong, wholly dark piceous, sparingly fuscous-pilose; rostrum fairly short and antennae rufescent; prothorax obsoletely sulcate: elytra striate-punctate, interstices flat. Long. 5–6 millim.

This small insect is oblong in shape, rather narrow, wholly dirty darkish brown with sparse brownish hairs. Rostrum almost the length of the head,

smooth, reddish. Antennae of this same colour, with their scape rather thick, the first joint of the funicle elongated, the following lenticular and haired and the club short and very swollen. Prothorax cylindrical, much broader than long, cut straight at the base and the apex, weakly furrowed in the middle and slightly pubescent. Elytra oval, rather narrow, almost flat above, sloping towards the ends, with rather finely punctate striae, the interstices flat and the whole surface covered with sparse dirty-brown hair. Legs rather long, blackish; hairy, with the femora markedly swollen. The whole of the undersurface of the body black and rather smooth.

This species was taken at the Auckland Islands.

Concerning S. insularis. Krone found “Two specimens together with St. veneris on January 21st. 1875, from the south coast of Rose Island.” Dr L. Cockayne found one specimen among moss in July, 1903; as he has given no details of locality, this insect may have been obtained from his botanical material brought back to New Zealand.

Steriphus veneris Kirsch

Steriphus veneris Kirsch, Deutsch. Ent. Zeit., 21, p. 168, 1877; Krone, Ibid., p. 166, 1877; Schenkling and Marshall, Junk Col. Cat., pt. 114, p. 14, 1931.

Hycanus frontalis Broun, Subant. Ids. N.Z., 1, pp. 82, 116, 1909 (n.syn.); Hudson, Ibid., p. 61, 1909; Hudson, Trans. N.Z. Inst., 54, p. 391, 1923; Hudson, N.Z. Beetles and Larvae, p. 216, 1934.

Broun's description, which is readily accessible, makes the repetition of Kirsch's description unnecessary. Krone has given details, under S. insularis, of where his material was collected. Hudson's three specimens were found under logs on Enderby Island, not, as is stated by Broun in the description, under a log at Carnley Harbour. Two of these insects are in the Hudson collection in the Dominion Museum, the third is probably in the Broun collection at the British Museum.

Genus Peristoreus Kirsch

Peristoreus Kirsch, 1877, Deutsch. Ent. Zeit., 21, p. 170.

Dorytomodes Marshall, 1926, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (9), 18, pp. 9–10 (n.syn.).

In 1926 Marshall erected the genus Dorytomodes to accommodate the many species of New Zealand weevils previously referred by Broun to Dorytomus and Erirhinus, creating D. aciphyllae the genotype. Dorytomodes is preoccupied by Peristoreus and P. innocens Kirsch becomes the genotype. Kirsch characterises the genus fully.

Peristoreus Kirsch nov. gen. Storeus relationship. Rostrum, long, cylindric, thin, curved; scrobes submedian, lateral. Scape of the antennae reaching the eyes, funicle 7-jointed, the two first joints obconic, the first twice as long and thick as the second, the last rounded, subtransverse; club oval, moderately thick. Eyes lateral, small, finely granulate. Thorax transverse, rounded at the sides, base and apex truncate. Scutellum punctiform. Elytra much broader at the base than the thorax, almost parallel, apex rounded. Anterior coxae contiguous; femora dentate; tibiae short, nearly straight, third tarsal joint wider, bilobed; claws dilated at the base. The second abdominal segment separated from the first by a suture curved in the middle, equal to the two following. Body very finely pubescent.

The species has quite the appearance of a Dorytomus, but the sutures of the middle abdominal segments are curved at the sides. Following the table given by Pascoe in the Ann. Mag. of Nat. Hist., pf 1873, 182, for the determination of the Storeid genera, one would come to Xeda, Pasc., but the species described in the following cannot be placed there because of the long rostrum, the toothed femora, the unscaled body and the differing shape of the thorax and the elytra.

Peristoreus innocens Kirsch

Peristoreus innocens Kirsch, Deutsch. Ent. Zeit., 21, p. 171, 1877; Krone, Ibid., p. 156, 1877; Klima, Junk Col. Cat., pt. 140, p. 146, 1934.

Erirhinus dracophyllae Broun, Subant. Ids. N.Z., 1, pp. 82, 118, 1909 (n.syn.); Hudson, Ibid., p. 61, 1909: Hudson, Trans. N.Z. Inst., 54, p. 392, 1923; Hudson, N.Z. Beetles and Larvae, p. 218, 1934 (Dorytomodes); Klima, Junk Col. Cat., pt. 140, p. 28, 1934 (Dorytomodes).

It is not necessary to give Kirsch's description of P. innocens, as this is sufficiently covered by Broun's account of Erirhinus dracophyllae, which gives even more detail. Krone came across the species quite by accident: “Collected only two specimens at the beginning of November 1874, when felling trees at Venus Valley in preparation for the observatory. When Dracophyllum longifol. Hook was flowering.” Hudson had no difficulty in securing P. innocens (E. dracophyllae): “This beautiful little weevil was extremely common on the Dracophyllum, which was in flower at the time, at Carnley Harbour and Port Ross, 20th. to 27th. November.”

Genus Pactolotypus Broun
Pactolotypus Broun, 1909, Subant. Ids. N.Z., 1, p. 119.

The confusion relating to this insect, caused by Voss, is cleared up by Marshall, who refers to the synonymy by Voss of Broun's Pactolotypus striatus with the above species; under the same reference (p. 328), Marshall also places Pactolotypus in his key to the New Zealand genera of the Eugnominae. The genus is monotypic.

Pactolotypus depressirostris (Kirsch)

Pactolotypus depressirostris Kirsch, Deutsch. Ent. Zeit., 21, p. 109, 1877 (Cyt-talia); Krone, Ibid., p. 156, 1877 (Cyttalia); Klima, Junk Col. Cat., pt. 140, p. 85. 1934 (Cyttalia); Voss, Arb. morph. tax. Ent., 4, pp. 40–42, 1937; Marshall, Trans. Roy. Soc. N.Z., 67, p. 336, 1938.

Pactolotypus striatus Broun, Subant. Ids. N.Z., 1, pp. 82, 119, pl. 5, fig. 5, 1909; Hudson, Trans. N.Z. Inst., 54, p. 394, 1923; Hudson, N.Z. Beetles and Larvae, p. 220, 1934: Voss, Arb. morph. tax. Ent., 4, pp. 40–42, 1937; Marshall, Trans. Roy. Soc. N.Z., 67, p. 336, 1938.

Krone collected P. depressirostris “From the Veronica and Coprosma bushes in the virgin forest above Venus Valley at Auckland Island. Caught in a butterfly net. End of December 1874.” In his introductory remarks on the Auckland Island beetles, Hudson makes no reference to this insect, but Broun comments on it and refers in the description to three specimens submitted to him by Hudson. None of these is in the Hudson collection in the Dominion Museum, so should be located in the Broun collection at the British Museum.

Genus Pachyderris Broun
Pachyderris Broun, 1909, Subant. Ibs. N.Z., 1, p. 121.

Pachyderris punctiventris Broun

Pachyderris punctiventris Broun, Subant. Ids. N.Z., 1, pp. 82, 121, 1909; Hudson, Ibid., p. 61, 1909; Hudson, Trans. N.Z. Inst., 54, p. 395, 1923; Hudson, N.Z. Beetles and Larvae, p. 222, 1934: Hustache, Junk Col. Cat., pt. 151, p. 125, 1936.

No comment is required regarding this species, of which only one specimen was obtained by Hudson at Carnley Harbour; the genotype is in the Hudson collection in the Dominion Museum.

Genus Acalles Schoenherr
Acalles. Schoenherr, 1852, Isis (Oken), p. 586;
1826, Cure, disp: meth., p. 295

While it is feasible that some of the introduced species recorded now might have become established as a result of contacts made by whalers and sealers earlier than the advent of the German expedition, it is unlikely that all would have done so. Unfavourable climatic factors and the absence of specialised breeding conditions would preclude survival of those listed except possibly Necrobia rufipes Fab. Krone mentions Dryophthorus tuberculatus Fab. taken on the “Alexandrine” and states that the species might have been brought either from Melbourne or New Zealand; this is evidently the New Zealand Mitra. stethus bituberculatus Feb. and as it has not yet been recorded as occurring on the islands, it is excluded in the faunal representation. All the other species concerned are associates of stores of ships of those times, and as the “Alexandrine” must have landed stores in considerable quantity, the species would be present in the vicinity of the camp. Those mentioned by Krone are given, along with his remarks.

Family Trogositidae

Trogosita mauritanica Linnaeus

“Beside some remains which are found here and there in humus between mosses etc. I collected only one living specimen out of the damp swamp soil of the main highland towards the end of December.”

Family Cleridae

Necrobia rufipes Fabricius

“At the height of Pig Point between low damp scrub and grass tufts caught in a butterfly net, in January. In this place there was a settlement of N.Z. whale hunters in 1848–50. Animal remains, for instance, dolphin skulls and bones are still lying about between the ruins of some dilapidated huts.”

Family Curculionidae

Calandra oryzae Linnaeus (Sitophilus)

“One specimen collected in our house on Auckland Island, probably accidentally introduced from Melbourne with rice husks, which were used as packing for provisions, or with our rice provisions themselves. Nov. 1874.”

Order Coleoptera
Family Carabidae
Subfamily Migadopinae

• 1. Loxomerus nebrioides (Guer.)

•    Pristancylus castaneus Blanch.

•    Loxomerus ambiguus Broun

• 2. Loxomerus brevis (Blanch.)

•    Loxomerus cilicollis Broun

•    Loxomerus fossulatus Broun

• 3. Loxomerus huttoni Broun

• 4. Calathosoma rubromarginatum (Blanch.)

Subfamily Harpalinae

• 5. Oopterus clivinoides Guer.

•    Oopterus guerinii Kirsch

•    Oopterus tripunctatus Broun

Acknowledgments

The writer is indebted to Miss E. E. Walker, Dr M. Meyer, Miss B. Rhodes, Miss S. E. Armstrong and Mr H. Halberstam for translations of the German and French papers forming: many of the citations; to Miss Walker for the 1844 and 1861 Chaudoir references associated with Loxomerus nebrioides Guer. and for her untiring efforts to obtain an accurate translation of the Deutsch. Ent. Zeit. 1877 account of the beetles of the Auckland Islands. Mr W. O. Steel, of Bracknell, Berks. England, has supplied all the Junk Catalogue references and had contributed the generic position of Arpediomimus kronii (Kies.), with its synonym Omalium longiceps Broun, also the synonymy of Creophilus oculatus (Fabr.). The late Mr G. V. Hudson permitted the examination of the Auckland Island Coleoptera in his collection, at the Dominion Museum, through the courtesy and assistance of Dr J. T. Salmon. Mr H. W. Gourlay, of Christchurch, contributed the two volumes of the Subantarctic Islands of New Zealand in which Broun's descriptions appear; the Librarian of Canterbury University College loaned Voyage au Pole Sud, while Dr R. A. Falla loaned the Deutsch Sudpolar Expedition work, from which Enderlein's references were obtained, and also sent the type of Inocatoptes incertus Broun for examination. Mr R. Blick, of the Cawthron Institute, has provided the photographic reproductions credited to him.