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Summary is absent.

The paper contains a description of Bychowskya drepane (the family Calceostomatidae) collected from the gills of Drepane punctata (South Chinese Sea). This species differs from all members of the family Calceostomatidae in the chitinoid armature of the opistho-haptor and the presence of two testes. On the basis of these characters the author erected a new genus Bychowskya. Diagnosis: Calceostomatidae. Opisthohaptor with 14 marginal booklets, two pairs of anchors and one bar, which is not articulated with a corresponding pair of hooks. Ovary rounded, vagina single, opens to the right side of the body. Two testes with vasa efferentia fusing into vas deferens. All other characters are like those of the family.

There were studied some stages of meiosis in six species of monogeneans of the genus Diplozoon. Five species, D. gussevi, D. pavlovskii, D. megan, D. homoion, D. nipponicum, show 7 bivalents in diakinesis and metaphase of the I division. D. paradoxum has 4 bivalents. These results confirm the data on chromosome numbers of the above species obtained during studies of mytotic divisions in vitellophages.

A description is given of new species Gyrodactylus maculati from Ophiocephalus maculatus, G. fusci and Quadriacanthus kobiensis from Clarias fuscus of north Vietnam. The latter differs from all known species of the genus Quadriacanthus by the possession of the posterior process on the ventral bar and by having some other details of the chitinoid structure.

Trematodes of the family Microphallidae have very complicated life cycles. Some species of microphallids are characterized by a shortened life cycle which is accompanied by the loss of the second intermediate host. Shortening of the life cycle results in changes in the morphology of microphallid larvae. Various morphological types of microphallid larvae of the polytypic genera Microphallus, Levinseniella and Maritrema are arranged in parallel rows which demonstrate the orientated character of morphological variability (Table 1). The stylet cercariae with penetration glands and the tale are the initial morphological type of microphallid cercariae. In microphallids with a shortened life cycle cercariae have no stylet, penetration glands and tail. In different genera the structure of cercariae undergoes analogous changes, and it is possible to foresee the character of variability of cercariae within each genus.

17 species are assigned to the genus Amidostomum. Of these, 10 species (A. anseris, A. acutum, A. chevreuxi, A. cygni, A. fulicae, A. henryi, A. monodon, A. orientale, A. similium, A. spatulatum) are considered valid by the authors. The status of A. biziurae, A. juligulae, A. petrowi and A. skrjabini should be confirmed with additional data. A. anatinum and A. boschadis are synonyms of A. acutum; A. leucopareia is accepted as nomen nudum. A key for the identification of 10 valid species of the genus is given.

According to the analysis of the literary and own data 1) the genus Parelaphostron gylus Boev et Schulz, 1950 is abolished, as a typical species P. odocoilei Hobmaier et Hobmaier, 1934 is considered as a sp. inquirenda; 2) diagnosis of the genus Odocoileostrongylus is specified and this genus is transfered from the subfamily Capreocaulinae Schulz et Kadenazii, 1948 into subfamily Elaphostrongylinae Boev et Schulz, 1950; 3) diagnosis of the genus Elaphostrongylus Cameron, 1931 is specified too; 4) new diagnosis of the subfamily Elaphostrongylinae is given, from which the features of the abolished genus Parelaphostrongylus are excluded and the features of genus Odocoileostrongylus are added. The key for determination of genera of the considered subfamily is given in conclusion.

In 1965 Phocaena phocaena L., was obtained accidentally in the Black sea. Two specimens of Diphyllobothrium stemmacephalum (Cobbold, 1858) has been found in the intestine of this dolphin. The length of the body of these worms was 180 and 208 mm. Taking into consideration the large interest of many authors in studying species of genus Diphyllobothrium and the fact, that the existing description of D. stemmacephalum does not answer modern demands, and that, this species was registered first in the USSR, the author investigates these worms in detail. In this work a new description and the drawings of D. stemmacephalum, made on the basis of the study of total preparations and sections is given.

Statistical analysis of the distribution of Hypoderma bovis and H. lineatum larvae in 52 herds of cattle in different ecological conditions (some 175 animals in each herd on average), with a number of larvae from 5 to 1000 per 100 animals, has shown that the negative binomial is a good model for the distribution of larvae (in 50 cases from 52 — P > 0.05; in 40 cases the limits of P — from > 0.20 to > 0.95). This model allows to establish a functional dependance between extensity and intensity of infestation of animals with cattle grubs.

In the south-western Altai 2 relative species of the genus Ixodes (I. persulcatus Schulze and I. pavlovskyi Pom.) live in close contact. Both species were found in habitats normally characteristic of I. persulcatus, i. e. in wet coniferous and small-leaved forests in the lower part of the forest vertical zone. In June unfed mature ticks occurred on vegetation nearly in equal proportion. Some differences were observed, however, in their distribution on hosts: I. pavlovskyi was found mainly on birds, I. persulcatus — on cattle. In this period immature phases of I. pavlovskyi were found on a wider variety of hosts (small mammals and birds) than were those of I. persulcatus. At the same time the species composition of hosts of larvae and nymphs of I. pavlovskyi coincided to great extent with that of I. persulcatus (table).

The biology and some ecological peculiarities of Ichoronyssus flavus is described. This mite does not belong to the group of stationary parasites.

In various landscape-geographical zones of West Siberia larvae of nematodes were recorded from the following gamasid mites: Macrocheles decoloratus (G. L. Koch), Eugamasus oudemansi Berl., Pergamasus crassipes Ber., Haemolaelaps glasgowi (Ewing), Poecilochirus necrophori Vitzthum, Veigaia kochi (Trag.), Gamasodes bispinosus Halbert. Gamasids with attached larvae of nematodes were found very often in burrows of small mammals and nests of birds. Phoresy of larvae of nematodes on gamasid mites is considered natural and, apparently, favours the completion of the life cycle of nematodes and their distribution.

In the Transcarpathian region at the foot of the Petros mountain (1900 m above the sea level) 2♂♂ and 4♀♀ were collected from Microtus nivalis Mart. The individuals which were found belong to a new species of the genus Ctenophthalmus Kol. of the subgenus Ctenophthalmus s. str. The new species resembles Ctenophthalmus (Ct.) capriciousus Smit, 1960. Males (fig. 1) differ in the VIII sternite, the number and size of sternal setae and the location of acetabular seta. In female (fig. 2) the notch on the apical edge of the VII sternite is missing. The new species Ctenophthalmus (Ctenophthalmus) bychowskyi Vysotzkaja is named after academician В.E. Bychowsky. Material: I ♂ (holotype) and I ♂ and 4 ♀♀ (paratypes) are preserved in Zoological Institute of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Leningrad.

The paper presents some data on the role and relative number of bloodsucking Diptera throughout three landscape zones of Taimir: mountain tundra, plain tundra and forest tundra. Mosquitoes are a dominant component of the fauna of biting flies; black-flies, gad-flies and midges are less in number. The latter occur in forest and plain tundra during warmer seasons.

From May 1964 to March 1966 extensive collections of black flies were made by Prof. A.S. Montchadsky (Zoological Institute, Acad. Sci., USSR), Prof. J. Weiser (CSSR) and I. Garcia Avila in Cuba and Pinos Island. In this material 4 species were found namely Psilopelmia antillarum (Jennings), Ps. ochraceum (Walker), Ps. quadrivittatum (Loew) and Ps. haematopotum (Malloch). Among females attracted to man Ps. quadrivittatum was most frequently encountered, whereas Ps. haematopotum attacks rather seldom. In Cuba all the species are represented by the forms more or less distinct from the continental ones. Out of these species Ps. quadrivittatum and Ps. haematopotum differ not only in meristic but also in some other taxonomic characters: the structure of genitalia, head and rectal appendages of larvae, etc. The keys for the identification of all developmental stages of the above species and figures of larvae, pupae and adults are given.

34 species of gad-flies were recorded from the central part of the Irkutsk region. Throughout the territory investigated the faunistic complex of these insects is fairly similar. Chrysops suavis, Hybomitra lundbecki, H. nigricornis and Haematopota pluvialis are mass species. The duration of seasonal activity is on the average 2.5 months.

Morphology of Nuttallia musculi Muratov, parasite of Mus musculus, was studied. Observations were made on the reproduction of this parasite and the duration of its occurrence in peripheral blood. Laboratory white mice infested with N. musculi are a good model for studying nuttalliosis. Rattus norvegicus was found to be susceptible to N. musculis.

Some data are given on the excystment of sporozoites of Eimeria tenella in vitro from spores after the mechanical destruction of the wall of oocyst on the magnetic stirrer. In order to obtain sterile sporozoites oocysts were preliminarily treated with sodium hyposulphite (4%). This preparation facilitates the destruction of the walls of oocysts. Excystment from spores sets in after their treatment with 5—10% bile and then with 1% trypsin at 40°. Inverted microscope with thermostable chamber can be used to observe the excystment. Sporozoites obtained after the excystment gave rise to endogenic development if injected into the chorioallantois of chicken embryo.

12 specimens of Vipera lebetina from Turkmenia were examined. There found oocysts of a new species (Isospora ashkhabadensis) of these parasites.

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Summary is absent.