A review of types of the parasite-host relationships in ixodid ticks. P. 481-488.
In the first type of mutual relationships the ixodid ticks expose an evident pathogenicity to vertebrate hosts (tick toxicoses) and in the second type the hosts expose a resistance on a base of organism immune system activisation in a response to blood sucking. In the third type of relationships an interaction between the ticks and hosts have a dynamic character (tolerability of host). The first type of relationships leading to a selective elimination of hosts according to our opinion means a comparatively youth of relationships. The third type represent ancient and long term relationships. The second type probably having been widely spread in a historical past occupies an intermediate position. Depending upon areal the ticks of the same type expose different degree of the pathogenicity. Even an aquaried resistance of the host does exist in natural conditions, it is a transient phenomenon.
in RussianTransovarial and transphase transmissions of borreliae by the taiga tick Ixodes persulcatus (Ixodidae). P. 489-494.
Three generations of the taiga tick Ixodes persulcatus, the descendants from naturally infected females, have been examined by means of dark field and phase contrast microscopies and indirect immunofluorescent reactions with monoclonal antibodies. Location of borreliae in oocytes was examined by means of electron microscopy. The examined ticks derived from 9 females collected in the Novgorod region, from 6 females of 1-st laboratory generation and 5 females of the 2-nd generation. In total, 250 larvae, 178 nymphs, 59 females and 70 males of three consequent generation have been examined. Almost 100% of descendants of naturally infected females were infected with Borrelia burgdorferi s. l. and similar infection rate was observed in unfed tick larvae collected in field conditions. The borreliae received transovarially to larvae of the 1-st generation then were transmitted to 100% nymphs and imago of this generation and two next generations.
in RussianRelations of mosquito's susceptability to malaria parasites with a taxonomic position and geographical origin of interacting organisms. P. 495-500.
The belonginig of mosquitos to certain taxonomic group does not show a susceptability to certain group of malaria parasites, but point out that this susceptability should not be excluded off studies without preliminary checking. There is no correlation between taxonomic relations of mosquito species and their susceptability to malaria parasites. Geographical isolation of microorganisms and insects does not gurantee an absence of susceptability. A susceptability is possible even in those cases, when a long coevolutionary process between organisms do not take place. Generally the susceptability of mosquitos to exotic species or strains of plasmodium is lower. Plasmodiums are capable to adapt quickly to new vectors.
in RussianMorphology, karyotypes and genome polymorphism of two black flies species of the genus Montisimulium (Diptera: Simuliidae) from Tajikistan. P. 501-506.
The karyotypes of the Montisimulium octofiliatum and M. inflatum species are described. The photographmaps of the polythene chromosomes are given for the first time. The morphology of the В-chromosomes is specific for each species.
The karyotypes of the two appointed species differ greatly from each other and from the karyotypes of other species of the Montisimulium genus.
in RussianCestodes of the genus Mathevolepis (Cestoda: Cyclophyllidea, Hymenolepididae) from the common shrews of the Holarctic region. P. 507-518.
The morphology of the type species of the genera Mathevolepis Spassky, 1948 (M. petrotschenkoi Spassky, 1948), and Cucurbilepis Sadovskaya, 1965 (C. skryabini Sadovskaya, 1965) from the common shrews of Russia is redescribed. It was defined for the first, that the strobila of M. petrotchenkoi has a serial growth of proglottids. Based on this fact the genus Mathevolepis is included into the tribe Ditestolepidini Spassky, 1954. The genus Cucurbilepis is transferred to the synonym of Mathevolepis, its type specis gets the name Mathevolepis skrjabini (Sadovskaya, 1965) comb. n. It is defined, the Mathevolepis spp. are the hymenolepidideans without any internal vesiclees. The processus of confluence of the uterus' walls during the formation of a sack-like uterus is described for the first time. It is proved, that the apical sack-like structure on the scolex of Ditestolepidini, which formerly was treated as a rudiment of the rostellum or the rhyncheal pouch, is the glandilar organ. The data on a hyperapolysis of developing proglottids Mathevolepis spp. and the existence of a special uterus duct for the release of hexacanths from gravid segments of M. petrotschenkoi was not confirmed. A new diagnosis of genus Mathevolepis is formulated. M. macyi (Locker & Rausch, 1952) comb. n. [syn.: Hymenolepis macyi Locker & Rausch, 1952] is included into the list of the species of Mathevolepis.
in RussianOn a cestode fauna of the family Hymenolepididae from anseriform birds of Chukotka. The genus Retinometra. P. 519-529.
Data on infection rate of anseriform birds from the Chukotka with cestodes of the genus Retinometra (Hymenolepididae) are given. Diagnoses of three formerly described cestode species are corrected. Retinometra spiralysetosa sp. n. is described from diving ducks, its natural intermediate host is the ostracode Cypria kolymensis.
in RussianDynamics of parasite's abundance and contents of proteins in a blood plasm of infected carps in experimental conditions. P. 530-537.
Carps of one and two years age used for laboratory experiments were collected in winter time. 7 groups of carps of one year age were examined each 10-th day during 70 days and 5 groups of two years age were examined each 15 days during 75 days. In carps of one year age the increase of different parasites was observed in different time: Dactylogyrus extensus — after 40 and 70 days, Ichthyophthirius multifiliis — after 50 days, Trichodina sp. — after 60 days. In carps of two years age the increase of all parasite groups observed after 45 days, extremely great number of D. extensus was recorded after 60—70 days. Contents of proteins in a blood plasm of both age groups of carps is reliably decreased when the number of parasites is increased. Fluctuations of parasite abundance on the body and gills and some morphophisiological indices in carps of one year age in a control and in conditions of starvation were examined.
in RussianThe ultrastructure of the scolex in Diorchis stefanskii (Cestoda: Hymenolepididae). Rostellar gland. P. 538-543.
The ultrastructure of the rostellar gland in adult cestode Diorchis stefanskii was investigated. The glandular syncytium of the rostellar sack is devided into three parts with different types of secretory granules. The first type includes electron dense bar-shaped granules and dumbell-shaped granules varied in density and size. The second type granules are ovoid with clear outlines. The third types of granules are large electron-dense bodies. An arrangement of the rostellar gland in different cyclophyllidean species and some terminological problems are discussed.
in RussianThe family Tetraonchidae (Monogenea): a structure and position among monogeneans. P. 544-552.
The muscle fascicles of the haptor in Tetraonchus monenteron have been described. The muscle connection of the fan-shaped dorsal bars with dorsal anchors is shown. When these muscle fascicles are contracted the dorsal anchors works as pincers. The division of tetraonchids into two genera based on types of copulatory organs, morphology of bars and haptor ans associations with different groups of fishes is restored. Different authors based on ciliated cells and chaetotaxy of the oncomiracidium and comparative spermiogenetic of T. monenteron include the tetraonchids with 16 marginal hooks into the order Dactylogyroidea. In the same time, based on the analysis of the onthogenesis of the dactylogyrid's haptor they postulate, that the haptor of these worms originally had 2 pairs of anchors and only 14 marginal hooks. The present paper contains data indicating that different representatives of the Dactylogyridea have 14—18 marginal hooks. Author put forwards a suggestion, that some group of dactylogyrids originally did not have the anchors.
in RussianUltrastructure of Blastocysts galli from chickens. P. 553-559.
The ultrastructure stages of Blastocystis galli were studied in chickens' intestine and in laboratory cultures. There were found morphological structures: surface coat (cell from chickens' intestine showed a very thick surface coat); cell membrane — there were some small electron-opaque deepening "pockets" on the membrane; inner membrane; endoplasmic reticulum with attached ribosomes, which present in the cytoplasm; all cells contained numerous of small vacuoles and large glycogen inclussions in cytoplasm; mitochondria with tubular cristae; nucleus with granules condensed chromaticn; central vacuole; Golgi complex was represented by number of plates grouped in a pite; the cyst-like forms were surrounded by multilayerd wall.
in RussianMorphology of larva and pupa of Hybomitra nigricornis and pupa of Chrysops nigripes (Diptera: Tabanidae). P. 560-563.
A morphological descriptions of larva and pupa of Hybomitra nigricornis Zetterstedt, 1942 and pupa of Chrysops nigripes Zetterstedt, 1940 from Karelia are given.
in RussianIndex. P. 564-567.
Summary is absent.
in Russian
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