Молодь и личинки 11 видов рыб из трех стран Персидского залива и Аравийского моря

Л.А. Джавад, Ф. Матлак, А.Р.М. Мохамед, Дж.М. Аль-Мамри, Е.К. Хамид и М. Ибрагим

Труды Зоологического института РАН, 2021, 325(4): 457–468 · https://doi.org/10.31610/trudyzin/2021.325.4.457

Резюме

Впервые сообщается о нахождении молоди и личинок рыб 11 видов в Аравийском море у побережья Омана и в Персидском заливе у берегов Саудовской Аравии и Ирака. В сборах обнаружены: личинка-лептоцефал морского конгерового угря Conger sp. (семейство Congridae); личинка на стадии acronurus одного из видов морских хирургов рода Acanthurus (семейство Acanthuridae). Определена также молодь, относящаяся к следующим семействам: сельдевые Clupeidae – Tenualosa ilisha (Hamilton, 1822) и Nematalosa sp.; долгоперовые Dactylopteridae – Dactyloptena orientalis (Cuvier, 1829); бычковые Gobiidae – Acentrogobius sp.; ботовые Bothidae – Arnoglossus aspilos (Bleeker, 1851); скатофагиды Scatophagidae – Scatophagus argus (Linnaeus, 1766); спаровые Sparidae – Acanthopagrus arabicus Iwatsuki, 2013 и Sparidentex hasta (Valenciennes, 1830); иглобрюхие Tetraodontidae – Lagocephalus sp. Примечательно обнаружение в пресных водах реки Шатт-эль-Араб (Басра, Ирак) не пятнистых, а полосатых особей S. argus; возможно, этот вид в современном понимании представляет собой видовой комплекс. Полезной структурой для определения стадий метаморфоза ювенильных особей и личинок ботовых камбал является ольфакторный орган. Обнаружение в водах трех арабских стран молоди рыб на различных стадиях ранних этапов их жизненного цикла показывает необходимость дальнейших исследований в этом направлении, для выяснения районов нереста, сроков размножения и особенностей развития рыб.

Ключевые слова

стадия acronurus, Персидский залив, Аравийское море, личинки рыб, ихтиопланктон, ольфакторный орган, Scatophagus argus

Поступила в редакцию 12 июня 2021 г. · Принята в печать 29 октября 2021 г. · Опубликована 25 декабря 2021 г.

Литература

Ahmed S.M. 1990. Abundance and diversity of fish larvae in Khor Al-Zubair, north west Arabian Gulf. MS Thesis, University of Basrah, 186p. [In Arabic].

Ahmed S.M. and Hussain N.A. 2000a. Abundance and distribution of eggs and larvae of Clupeiformes in the north western Arabian Gulf. Basrah Science, 18: 159–164.

Ahmed S.M. and Hussain N.A. 2000b. Bregmaceros arabicus (Pisces): Bregmacerotidae from north western Arabian Gulf: Development and distribution. Marina Mesopotamica, 15: 389–396.

Ahmed S.M. and Hussain N.A. 2000c. Egg and larvae of mullets (Mugilidae) in the north western Arabian Gulf. Pakistan Journal of Marine Biology, 6: 1–7.

Al-Abri N.M., Piontkovski S.A., Rabbaniha M., Al-Hashmi K. and Chesalina T. 2017. Taxonomic composition and seasonal changes of fish larvae assemblages in coastal waters of Muscat, Sea of Oman (2013–2015). Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Science, 12: 95–105. https://doi.org/10.3923/jfas.2017.95.105

Ali A.H., Adday T.K. and Khamees N.R. 2018. Catalogue of marine fishes of Iraq. Biological and Applied Environmental Research, 2: 298–368.

Al-Okailee M.T. 2015. Morphometric and taxonomic study of eggs of some fish families with a reference to their abundance in the North West of Arabian Gulf. Mesopotamia Journal of Marine Science, 30: 57–66.

Amaoka K. 1973. Studies on the larvae and juveniles of the sinistral flounders. IV. Arnoglossus japonicus. Japanese Journal of Ichthyology, 20: 145–156.

Anguchamy Veeruraj M.A., AjithkumarT. and Balasubramanian T. 2011. Distribution of Tetraodontiformes (Family: Tetraodontidae) along the Parangipettai Coast, Southeast coast of India. Zootaxa, 3015: 1–12. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3015.1.1

Barry T.P. and Fast A.W. 1992. Biology of the spotted scat (Scatophagus argus) in the Philippines. Asian Fisheries Science, 5: 163–179.

Bibik A.V.A., Lushin A.E., Sparidorov B.A., Assry Y.P. and Kozhkov E.B. 1970. Results of the investigations of the 3rd research expedition of Azov-Black Sea Fisheries Institute to the Arabian Gulf, December 1969 – March, 1970. State Fisheries Co, Iraq, 134 p.

Bogorodsky S.V., Alpermann T.J., Mal A.O. and Gabr M.H. 2014. Survey of demersal fishes from southern Saudi Arabia, with five new records for the Red Sea. Zootaxa, 3852: 401–437. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3852.4.1

Chambers R.C. and Trippel E.A. 1997. Early life history and recruitment: legacy and challenges. In: R.C. Chambers and E. Trippel (Eds). Early life history and recruitment in fish populations. Springer, Dordrecht: 515–549. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1439-1_19

Chesalina T., Al-Kharusi L., Al-Aisry A., Al-Abri N., Al-Mukhaini E., Al-Maawali A. and Al-Hasani L. 2013. Study of diversity and abundance of fish larvae in the South-western Part of the Sea of Oman in 2011–2012. Journal of Biology and Agriculture Health, 3: 30–43.

Coles S.L. and Tarr A.B. 1990. Reef fish assemblages in the western Arabian Gulf: A geographically isolated population in an extreme environment. Bulletin of Marine Science, 47: 696–720.

Eagderi S., Fricke R., Esmaeili H.R. and Jalili P. 2019. Annotated checklist of the fishes of the Persian Gulf: Diversity and conservation status. Iranian Journal of Ichthyology, 6: 1–171.

Evans G. 2020. Persian Gulf. Encyclopedia Britannica, 24 Mar. 2020. Available from: https://www.britannica.com/place/Persian-Gulf (accessed 27 September 2021).

Fuiman L.A. and Werner R.G. (Eds). 2002. Fishery science: The unique contributions of early life stages. Blackwell Science, Oxford, UK; Malden, MA, 326 p.

Fujita S. 1966. Egg development, larval stages and rearing of the puffer, Lagocephalus lunaris spadiceus (Richardson). Japanese Journal of Ichthyology, 13: 162–168.

Gupta S. 2016. An overview on morphology, biology, and culture of Spotted Scat Scatophagus argus (Linnaeus 1766). Reviews in Fisheries Science and Aquaculture, 24(2): 203–212. https://doi.org/10.1080/23308249.2015.1119800

Günther A.C. 1873. Andrew Garrett’s Fische der Südsee Mus. Godeffroy Journal, 2: 1–128.

Hare J.A. 2014. The future of fisheries oceanography lies in the pursuit of multiple hypotheses. ICES Journal of Marine Science, 71: 2343–2356. https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsu018

Houde E.D. 2008. Emerging from Hjort’s shadow. Journal of Northwest Atlantic Fishery Science, 41: 53–70. https://doi.org/10.2960/J.v41.m634

Houde E.D., Almatar A.H., Leak J.C. and Down C.E. 1986. Ichthyoplankton abundance and diversity in the Western Arabian Gulf. Kuwait Bulletin of Marine Science, 8: 107–393.

Jawad L.A. 2018. Dangerous fishes of the eastern and southern Arabian Peninsula. Springer Nature eBook, 322 p. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57926-9

Jawad L.A. and Al-Mamry J.M. 2018. Field atlas of Oman coastal fishes, Arabian Sea. Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman, 562 p.

Jeyaseelan M.J.P. 1998. Manual of fish eggs and larvae from Asian mangrove waters. United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, Paris, 193 p.

Jones S. and Kumaran M. 1964. Notes on eggs, larvae and juveniles of fishes from Indian waters. XV. Pegasus volitans Linnaeus. XVI. Dactyloptena orientalis (Cuvier and Valenciennes). XVII. Dactyloptena macracanthus (Bleeker). Indian Journal of Fisheries, 11: 232–246.

Koumans F.P. 1953. Biological results of the Snellius Expedition. XVI. The Pisces and Leptocardii of the Snellis Expedition. Temminckia, 9: 177–275.

Krupp F. and Al–Marri M.A. 1996. Fishes and fish assemblages of the Jubail marine wildlfe sanctuary. In: F. Krupp, A.H. Abuzinada and I.A. Nader (Eds). A marine wildlife sanctuary for the Arabian Gulf: environmental research and conservation following the 1991 Gulf war oil spill. NCWCD, Riyadh and Senckenberg, Research Institute, Frankfurt am Main: 339–350.

Krupp F. and Anegay F. 1993. Habitats and species composition in subtidal areas north of Abu Ali, Saudi Arabia. In: F. Frupp (Ed.). The R/V MT. Mitchell Cruise in the ROPME Sea Area 2. ROPME, Kuwait: 174–184.

Krupp F. and Müller T. 1995. The status of fish populations in the northern Arabian Gulf two years after the 1991 Gulf War oil spills. Courier Forshcungsinstitute Senckenberg, 166: 67–75.

Leis J.M. 2015. Taxonomy and systematics of larval Indo-Pacific fishes: a review of progress since 1981. Ichthyological Research, 62: 9–28. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10228-014-0426-7

Leis J.M. and Trnski T. 1989. The larvae of Indo-Pacific shorefishes. University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu, Hawaii, 371 p.

McCain J.C., Tarr A.B., Carpenter K.E. and Cole S.L. 1984. Marine ecology of Saudi Arabia. A survey of coral reefs and reef fishes in the northern area, Arabian Gulf, Saudi Arabia. Fauna of Saudi Arabia, 6: 102–126.

Mohamed A.R.M. and Hameed E.K. 2019. Impacts of saltwater intrusion on the fish assemblage in the middle part of Shatt Al-Arab River, Iraq. Asian Journal of Applied Sciences, 7: 577–586. https://doi.org/10.24203/ajas.v7i5.5917

Mohamed A.R. M. and Jawad L.A.J. 2021. Marine Artisanal Fisheries of Iraq. In: L.A. Jawad (Ed.). The Arabian Seas: Biodiversity, Environmental Challenges and Conservation Measures. Springer, Cham: 917–948. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-51506-5_41

Mohamed A.R.M., Ahmed S.M. and Al-Okailee M.T. 2012. Variations in occurrence, abundance and diet of hilsa, Tenualosa ilisha larvae in the north of Shatt Al-Arab River, Basrah, Iraq. Basrah Journal of Agriculture Science, 25: 40–52.

Mohamed A.R.M., Al-Noor S.S. and Faris R.A. 2008a. The status of artisanal fisheries in the lower reaches of Mesopotamian rivers, north Basrah, Iraq. Proceedings of the 5th International Conference of Biological Science (Zool), 5: 126–132.

Mohamed A.R.M., Al-Noor S.S. and Habbeb F.S. 2011. Comparative study of some skeletal features of two clupeid species, Hilsa shad Tenualosa ilisha and Gizzard shad Nematalosa nasus in Iraq waters. Basrah Journal of Agriculture Science, 24: 29–40.

Mohamed A.R.M., Hussain N.A., Al-Noor S.S. and Mutlak F.M. 2008b. Occurrence, abundance, growth and food habits of sbour Tenualosa ilisha juveniles in three restored marshes Southern Iraq. Basrah Journal of Agriculture Science, 21: 528–538. https://doi.org/10.33762/bagrs.2008.56478

Morgan J.R., Aleem A.A. and Verlaan P.A. 2019. Arabian Sea. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 26 Dec. 2019. Available from: https://www.britannica.com/place/Arabian-Sea (Accessed 27 September 2021)

Mutlak F.M., Jawad L. and Al-Faisal A. 2017. Atractosteus spatula (Actinopterygii: Lepisosteiformes: Lepisosteidae): A deliberate aquarium trade introduction incidence in the Shatt al-Arab River, Basrah, Iraq. Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria, 47: 205–207. https://doi.org/10.3750/AIEP/02143

Padoa E. 1956. Dactylopterus volitans (Linnaeus). In: Lo Bianco et al. Uova, larvae e stadi giovanili di Teleostei. Fauna flora Gulfo Napoli Mongoraph, 38: 643–648.

Poss S.G. and Eschmeyer W.N. 1999. Family Dactylopteridae. In: K.E. Carpenter and V. H. Niem (Eds.). Species identification guide for fisheries purposes. The living marine resources of the western central Pacific. Vol. 4. Bony fishes. Part 2 (Mugilidae to Carangidae). FAO, Rome: 2283–2290.

Raju S.N. 1985. Congrid eels of the eastern Pacific and key to their leptocephali. NOAA Technical Report NMFS, 22: 1–19.

Randall J.E. 1955. An analysis of the genera of surgeon fishes (family Acanthuridae). Pacific Science, 9: 359–367. https://doi.org/10.2307/1439239

Randall J.E. 1956. A revision of the surgeon fish genus Acanthurus. Pacific Science, 10: 159–235.

Reynolds R.M. 1993. Physical oceanography of the Gulf, Strait of Hormuz, and the Gulf of Oman – results from the Mt. Mitchell expedition. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 27: 35–59. https://doi.org/10.1016/0025-326X(93)90007-7

Richards W.J. and Al-Yamani F.Y. 2008. Identification guide of the early life history stages of fishes – from the waters of Kuwait in the Arabian Gulf, Indian Ocean. Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, Kuwait, 329 p.

Strasburg D.W. 1961. Diving behaviour of Hawaiian skipack tuna. ICES Journal of Mar Science, 26: 223–229. https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/26.2.223

Thangaraja M. and Al-Aisry A. 2001. Studies on the occurrence and abundance of fish eggs and larvae in the waters of sultanate of Oman. Proceedings of 1st International Conference on Fisheries, Aquaculture and Environment in NW Indian Ocean, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman: 13–36.

Zammit E. and Schembri P.J. 2011. An overlooked and unexpected introduction? Occurrence of the spotted scat Scatophagus argus (Linnaeus, 1766) (Osteichthyes: Scatophagidae) in the Maltese Islands. Aquatic Invasions, 6 (Supplement 1): S79–S83. https://doi.org/10.3391/ai.2011.6.S1.018