White Sea Biological Station "Kartesh"

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Kirill Galaktionov

D.Sc.

White Sea Biological Station
Zoological Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences
Universitetskaya nab., 1
199034, St.-Petersburg, Russia
Tel: +7(812) 7140097
Fax: +7(812) 3282941
E-mail: kirill.galaktionov@gmail.com
Websites: http://www.zin.ru/societies/parsoc/
http://www.wfpnet.org/tab_home.php?lang=enc

Research interests: Trematodes morphology and evolution of their life cycles. Adaptations of trematodes to transmission in different ecosystems. Relationships between trematodes and their hosts – mollusks at the organismal and populational levels. Taxonomy and phylogeography of trematodes. Fauna and life cycles of parasites of marine animals. Circulation patterns of marine birds parasites in Arctic and subArctic coastal ecosystems. Marine parasitology. Problems of general parasitology.

Education:
1971 - 1976 – Leningrad (St.-Petersburg) State University, Dept. of Invertebrate Zoology
1976 - 1979 – doctorate, Kola Department of Russian Academy of Sciences, Leningrad (St.-Petersburg) State University.

Membership:
Russian Parasitological Society (www.zin.ru/societies/parsoc/), The President
Scandinavian-Baltic Society for Parasitologists
Editorial Board of “Parazitologia” and “Proceedings of the Zoological Institute”

Prize named after E.N. Pavlovsky (RAS, 2005) for two monographs on biology and evolution of trematodes (with A.A. Dobrovolsky)

Guest speaker:
- Symposium on Parasites and Ecology of Marine and Coastal Birds, Stikkisholmur, Iceland, 1996
- Symposium on Ecological Parasitology on the turn of Millennium, St Petersburg, Russia, 2000
- International Congress of Parasitology International Congress of Parasitology (ICOPA XI), Glasgow, UK, 2006
- The 49th European Marine Biology Symposium, September 8–12, 2014, St. Petersburg, Russia
- Arctic Biodiversity Congress, 2–4 December 2014, Trondheim, Norway

Teaching experience:

St. Petersburg State University, dep. Invertebrate Zoology, a course "General Parasitology" Masters course. Scientific supervision of undergraduate and graduate students (1-3 students per year, currently D.Losev and A.Gonchar). Student projects are mainly related to the work on the White Sea Biological Station and are within the scope of the main directions of research named below.

Currently I supervise the research work of Ph.D. students:
- E.V. Rybkina ("Ecological and parasitological studies of three-spined stickleback Gasterosteus aculeatus L. in the White Sea")
- A.G. Gonchar ("Morphological and morphobiological approaches to the analysis of life cycles of trematodes fam. Notocotylidae")

Main research areas:
1. Seasonal and long-term dynamics of component populations of trematodes in intertidal molluscs of the White Sea.
Studies were conducted since 1999 in the intertidal zone of the Chupa Inlet of the Kandalaksha Bay of the White Sea. We analyze component populations of 20 species of trematodes, using as first intermediate hosts of intertidal molluscs Littorina saxatilis, L. obtusata, L. littorea, Hydrobia ulvae and H. ventrosa: Himasthla elongata, H. continua, Cryptocotyle concavum, C. lingua, Levinseniella brachysoma, Maritrema subdolum, Microphallus similis, M. claviformis, M. pirum (= M. somateria), M. pygmaeus, M. piriformes, M. triangulatus, M. pseudopygmaeus, Cercaria parvicaudata (= Renicola sp.), Paramonostomum anatis, P. alveatum, P.chabaudi, Cercaria Notocotylidae sp. 12 Deblock, 1980, Cercaria Notocotylidae sp. 13 Deblock, 1980, Bunocotyle progenetica. We study the dynamics of the demographic composition of groups of sporocysts and rediae and the seasonal production of cercariae. We found that production of cercariae by parthenites (sporocysts and rediae) stops in the cold period and resumes only when the water temperature rises in spring. These processes are accompanied by rearrangements in the demographic groups of the parthenites, which differ between the species that form the local component populations (= infrapopulations) and self-reproducing infrapopulations. Among the studied species of trematodes found cold- and warm-loving forms, in which the release of cercariae block at lower and higher water temperatures, respectively. Particular attention is paid to forecasting of possible changes in the transmission of trematodes in coastal ecosystems due to global climatic changes. Work performed in collaboration with K.E. Nikolaev, I.A. Levakin and V.V. Prokofiev, with the participation of students of St. Petersburg State University.

2. Biology and behavior of free-living larvae (cercariae) of trematodes circulating in the coastal ecosystems of the northern seas.
We study the nature of the motor activity of cercariae, especially their respiration at different periods of life, the age dynamics of the invasive ability, the daily and long-term rhythm of emission of cercariae from the host mollusk at different temperatures. It has been established that temperature is the leading factor determining the dynamics of the output of cercariae of the host mollusk for most of the intertidal trematodes . Long-term emission of cercariae from an infected clam is subject to recurring natural oscillations, the frequency of which is species-specific. The project is carried out in collaboration with V.V. Prokofiev (Pskov State Pedagogical University - PGPU), involving students of PGPU and St. Petersburg State University.

3. Interactions of trematodes with their hosts - an analysis of the host-parasite system.
Currently, the work focuses on studying the characteristics of infection of second intermediate hosts by trematode cercariae. Experimental studies are performed on the model system consisting of mussel Mytilus edulis and cercariae Himasthla elongata and Cercaria parvicaudata (= Renicola sp.). We study intrapopulation variability of the mussel resistance to parasites and the cellular and humoral mechanisms that underlie the mechanism of resistance to the cercariae infection in the mussel lines resistant to infection by cercaria. Ecological and population component of work includes development and testing of quantitative approaches to assessing the success of transmission of trematodes in coastal ecosystems of the White Sea. These include assessing the loss of free-floating larvae (cercariae) on the way between the first and the second intermediate host and defining the role of different host species in the transmission of trematodes. This project is performed by the researchers from the Zoological Institute RAS I.A. Levakin and K.E. Nikolaev, students of St. Petersburg State University and the Polytechnic University in collaboration with a group of comparative immunology IEM RAMS (Head A.V. Polevschikov).

4. The fauna, the life cycles, and the phylogeography of trematodes from the Palearctic Sea coasts.
Recent studies are focused primarily on the trematodes, circulating in the coastal zone of the Barents, White, Norwegian and Okhotsk Seas and Iceland. We described new species of trematodes and clarified some of the taxonomic diagnoses. We also studied experimentally a new type of the trematode life cycle characteristic of some representatives of fam. Gymnophallidae (Galaktionov et al., 2006; Galaktionov, 2007). We use morphological and molecular markers to study phylogeography of trematode taxa. Work is done in collaboration with the Laboratory of Parasitology, Institute for Biological Problems of the North (IBPN), FEB RAS (K.V. Regel, S. Orlovskaya, G.I. Atrashkevich), University of Iceland (K. Skirnisson), Ulster University (Northern Ireland, S.W.B. Irwin, D.H. Saville) and the Natural History Museum (London, P. Olson).

5. Fauna and ecology of helminths of marine birds of the Palearctic.
We study the distribution of parasites of seabirds in the arctic and subarctic regions of the Barents and Norwegian Seas and the White Sea. We investigate the formation of foci of marine bird infection with parasites and the bird adaptations, preventing the invasion by pathogenic worms. At present, special attention is paid to areas lying on the major flyways of migratory birds and the sites crucial to their feeding (south-east of the Barents Sea - the so-called Pechora Sea). The analysis of trophic relations of common eiders (Somateria mollissima) in different geographic areas (from Ireland and Iceland in the west to the Okhotsk Sea in the east) and the patterns of helminth invasions associated with regional characteristics of bird feeding. We also study the ways of transmission of the major species of parasites of common eiders in the seas of the Palearctic. The work is carried out in collaboration with the staff of the Murmansk Marine Biological Institute KSC RAS (V.V. Kuklin, V. Krasnov), Institute of Biological Problems of the North (IBPN), FEB RAS (K.V. Regel, S. Orlovskaya, G.I. Atrashkevich ), University of Iceland (K. Skirnisson), Ulster University (D.H. Saville), University of Dublin (Trinity College, J.G. Wilson, C. Holland) and the Norwegian Institute of Natural Research (NINA) (J.O. Bustnes).

6. Evolution of the life cycles of trematodes.
The work is theoretical in nature and is based both on literature data and on the results of the projects mentioned above. Many aspects are summarized in the monographs (Galaktionov, Dobrovolsky, 1998; Galaktionov, Dobrovolskij, 2003). Currently the main focus of the study is the reconstruction of the phylogenetic relationships among the different taxa of trematodes based on the analysis of the of the life cycles, morphological and functional traits of parthenogenetic and hermaphroditic generations and critical analysis of the phylogenies obtained using molecular markers. During the study we developed the concept of ecological evolution of trematodes and different versions of the natural systems of the class Neodermata. The work is conducted in close and creative collaboration with A.A. Dobrovolsky. Morphological studies performed in together with the staff of the Zoological Institute RAS I.M. Podvyaznaya and S.W.B. Irwin, D.H. Saville (Ulster University, Northern Ireland, UK).
All of the above directions partially fit into the framework of the planned studies of the Zoological Institute RAS and at different times supported by RFBR, the program "Universities of Russia, INTAS, the Royal Society of Great Britain, the Norwegian Research Council, the Department of Environment of Norway, Iceland Research Foundation and the University of Iceland.

Current Grants:
Russian Science Foundation:
- "Evolution of parasites under natural and anthropogenically induced transformation of ecosystems: analysis and prediction" (PI: K.V. Galaktionov)

Russian Foundation for Basic Research:
- 13-04-00875_а "A system of trade-offs in trematodes life cycle - experimental and theoretical study" (PI: K.V. Galaktionov)

Publications

Levakin I.A., Nikolaev K.E., Galaktionov K.V. 2023. The effect of host density on parasite infection: a power-law model and an experimental test with trematode larvae infecting mussels. Mar Biol 170, 13.
Nikolaev K.E., Levakin I.A., Galaktionov K.V. 2021. A month for the mission: using a sentinel approach to determine the transmission window of digenean cercariae in the subarctic White Sea. Journal of Helminthology. 2021. Vol. 95. P.e50.
Nikolaev K.E., Levakin I.A., Galaktionov K.V. 2020. Seasonal dynamics of trematode infection in the first and the second intermediate hosts: A long-term study at the subarctic marine intertidal. Journal of Sea Research, 164: 101931
Prokofiev V.V., Galaktionov K.V., Levakin I.A., Nikolaev K.E. 2020. Light or temperature? What regulates the emergency of trematode cercariae from the molluscan hosts and how it is done. Parazitologia, 54 (3): 179-197
Solovyeva A. Nikolaev K., Lebedev E., Potolytsina E.,Galaktionov N., Levakin I. 2020. Reduced infectivity in Himasthla elongata (Trematoda, Himasthlidae) cercariae with deviant photoreaction. Journal of Helminthology, 94. e129, 1–5.
Sukhotin A., Denisenko S., Galaktionov K. 2019. Pechora Sea ecosystems: current state and future challenges. Polar Biology, 42, 9: 1631–1645
Galaktionov K.V., Nikolaev K.E., Aristov D.A., Levakin I.A., Kozminsky E.V. 2019. Parasites on the edge: patterns of trematode transmission in the Arctic intertidal at the Pechora Sea (South-Eastern Barents Sea). Polar Biology, 42, 9: 1719-1737
Prokofiev V.V., Levakin I.A., Nikolaev K.E., Galaktionov K.V. 2018. Light and temperature — interaction of factors determined the intensity of emergence of cercariae of Himasthla elongata (Digenea, Himasthlidae). Parazitologia, 52(6): 433-441 (In Russian)
Exploration, sustainable use and protection of natural resources of the White Sea. Proceedings of the XIII conference, Saint Petersburg, Zoological Institute RAS, 2017, 290 p. (In Russian).
Nikolaev K.E., Prokofiev V.V., Levakin I.A., Galaktionov K.V. 2017. How the position of mussels at the intertidal lagoon affects their infection with the larvae of parasitic flatworms (Trematoda: Digenea): A combined laboratory and field experimental study. Journal of Sea Research, 128: 32-40.
Prokofiev V.V., Levakin I.A., Nikolaev K.E., Galaktionov K.V. 2017. Light and temperature — interaction of factors determining the intensity of emergence of cercariae of Himasthla elongata (Digenea, Himasthlidae). Parazitologia, 51 (6), 457-465. (In Russian).
Gonchar A., Galaktionov K.V. 2017. Life cycle and biology of Tristriata anatis (Digenea: Notocotylidae): morphological and molecular approaches. Parasitology Research 116 (1): 45–59
Prokofiev V.V., Galaktionov K.V., Levakin I.A. 2016. Patterns of parasite transmission in polar seas: daily rhythms of cercarial emergence from intertidal snails. Journal of Sea Research, 113: 85-98.
Galaktionov K.V. 2016. Evolution and biological radiation of trematodes: A synopsis of ideas and opinions. In: Galaktionov K.V. (Ed.) Coevolution of parasites and hosts. (Proceedings of the Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, vol. 320, Suppl. 4). Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences Publ., St Petersburg, p. 74–126. (In Russian). Available on: https://www.zin.ru/journals/trudyzin/supplements.html#
Galaktionov K.V. 2016. Introduction. Coevolutionary concept. In: Galaktionov K.V. (Ed.) Coevolution of parasites and hosts. (Proceedings of the Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, vol. 320, Suppl. 4). Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences Publ., St Petersburg, p. 3–15. (In Russian). Available on: https://www.zin.ru/journals/trudyzin/supplements.html#
Rybkina E.V., Demchuk A.S., Galaktionov K.V., Lajus D.L., Ivanova T.S., Ivanov M.V. 2016. Dynamics of parasite community during early ontogenesis of marine threespine stickleback, Gasterosteus aculeatus. Evolutionary Ecology Research, 17: 335-354.
Galaktionov K.V. 2016. Transmission of parasites in the coastal waters of the Arctic seas and the possible effect of climate change. Zoologichesky Zhurnal, 95 (9): 996–1016. (In Russian).
Galaktionov N.K., Podgornaya O.I., Strelkov P.P., Galaktionov K.V. 2016. Genomic diversity of cercarial clones of Himasthla elongata (Trematoda, Echinostomatidae) determined with AFLP technique. Parasitology Research 115 (12): 4587-4593.
Gonchar A.G., Galaktionov K.V. 2016. Substratum preferences in two notocotylid (Digenea, Notocotylidae) cercariae from Hydrobia ventrosa at the White Sea. Journal of Sea Research, 113: 115-118.
Galaktionov K.V., Podvyaznaya I.M, Nikolaev K.E., Levakin I.A. 2015. Self-sustaining infrapopulation or colony? Redial clonal groups of Himasthla elongata (Trematoda: Echinostomatidae) in Littorina littorea (Gastropoda: Littorinidae) do not support the concept of eusocial colonies in trematodes. Folia Parasitologica 62:067 (open access)
Galaktionov, K. V., Bustnes, J. O., Bårdsen B. –J., Wilson, J. G., Nikolaev, K. E., Sukhotin, A. A., Skirnisson, K., Saville, D. H., Ivanov, M. V., Regel, K.V. 2015. Factors influencing the distribution of trematode larvae in blue mussels Mytilus edulis in the North Atlantic and Arctic Oceans. Marine Biology 162: 193-206.
Galaktionov K.V., Atrashkevich G.I. 2015. Patterns in circulation and transmission of marine bird parasites in High Arctic: a case of acanthocephalan Polymorphus phippsi (Acanthocephala, Polymorphidae). Parazitologya 49 (6): 393–411 (in Russian)
A variety of interactions in the marine environment. Abstracts volume from the 49 European Marine Biology Symposium, St.-Petersburg, 2014, 116 p.
Podvyaznaya I.M., Galaktionov K.V. 2014. Trematode reproduction in the molluscan host: an ultrastructural study of the germinal mass in the rediae of Himasthla elongata (Mehlis, 1831) (Digenea: Echinostomatidae). Parasitology Research 113: 1215–1224
Galaktionov K.V., Dobrovolskij A.A., Podvyaznaya I.M. 2014. Evolution of morpho-functional organization of trematode parthenogenetic generations. Zoologichesky Zhurnal 93 (3): 426–442 (in Russian)
Wilson, J.G., Galaktionov, K.V., Sukhotin, A.A., Skirnisson, K., Nikolaev, K.E., Ivanov, M.I., Bustnes, J.O., Saville, D.H., Regel, K.V. 2013. Factors influencing trematode parasite burdens in mussels (Mytilus spp) from the North Atlantic Ocean across to the North Pacific. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 132: 87-93.
Levakin I. A., Losev E. A., Nikolaev K. E., Galaktionov K. V. 2013. In vitro encystment of Himasthla elongata cercariae (Digenea, Echinostomatidae) in the hemolymph of blue mussels Mytilus edulis as a tool for assessing cercarial infectivity and molluscan susceptibility. Journal of Helminthology, 87 (2): 180-188.
Hoberg E.P., Kutz S.J., Cook J., Galaktionov K.V., Haukisalmi V., Henttonen H., Laaksonen S., Makarikov A., Marcogliese D.J. 2013. Chapter 15. Parasites. In: Arctic Biodiversity Assessment : Status and trends in Arctic biodiversity (The Conservation of Arctic Flora and Fauna (CAFF), Arctic Council) : 420–449.
Levakin I.A., Nikolaev K.E., Galaktionov K.V. 2013. Use of singular spectrum analysis in parasitology: the dynamics of infestation of mollusks Hydrobia ventrosa by parthenites of trematodes Cryptocotyle concavum and Bunocotyle progenetica in the White Sea. Parazitologia, 47, 1: 23-37. (In Russian).
Levakin I.A., K.E. Nikolaev, K.V. Galaktionov. 2013. Long-term variation in trematode (Trematoda, Digenea) component communities associated with intertidal gastropods is linked to abundance of final hosts. Hydrobiologia, 706: 103-118.
Galaktionov K.V. 2012. Colonial birds and parasite transmission in marine coastal ecosystems. In: Theoretical aspects of coloniality in birds. N.V. Lebedeva (Ed.). Rostov-on-Don, SSC RAS Publishers: 45-56. (In Russian).
Gonchar A.G., Galaktionov K.V.Morphological and molecular characters for species determination in Notocotylids of the White and Barents Sea. In: Proceedings of the V Al-Russian conference with International participation on theoretical and marine parasitology. (23-27 April 2012, Svetlogorsk, Kaliningrad district). Nigmatullin Ch.M. (ed.). Kaliningrad: AtlantNIRO Publishing. 2012: 60-63. (In Russian).
Podvyaznaya I.M., Galaktionov K.V. 2012. Morpho-functional specialization of the branching sporocyst of Prosorhynchoides borealis Bartoli, Gibson & Bray, 2006 (Digenea, Bucephalidae). Journal of Helminthology 86: 173-184.
Kuklin V.V., Galaktionov K.V., Krasnov Yu.V. 2012. Age and spatial features of helminth infection in Kittiwakes colonies of the Kharlov island (Eastern Murman, Barents Sea). In: Theoretical aspects of coloniality in birds. N.V. Lebedeva (Ed.). Rostov-on-Don, SSC RAS Publishers: 192-198. (In Russian).
Nikolaev K.E., Galaktionov K.V. Transmission patterns of trematodes family Echinostomatide and Renicolae in costal communities of Kandalaksha Bay, the White Sea. In: Proceedings of the V Al-Russian conference with International participation on theoretical and marine parasitology. (23-27 April 2012, Svetlogorsk, Kaliningrad district). Nigmatullin Ch.M. (ed.). Kaliningrad: AtlantNIRO Publishing. 2012: 150-153. (In Russian).
Galaktionov K.V., Olson P.D., Blasco-Costa M.I. 2012. Life cycles, molecular phylogeny and historical biogeography of the “pygmaeus” microphallids (Digenea, Microphallidae), widespread parasites of marine and coastal birds in the Holarctic. Parasitology (accepted).
Shatskikh E.V., Marcogliese D.J., Locke S.A., Galaktionov K.V. Charateristics of parasite component communities of sticklebacks from the Lawrencetown lake estuary (Nova Scotia, Canada). In: Proceedings of the V Al-Russian conference with International participation on theoretical and marine parasitology. (23-27 April 2012, Svetlogorsk, Kaliningrad district). Nigmatullin Ch.M. (ed.). Kaliningrad: AtlantNIRO Publishing. 2012: 216-21. (In Russian).
Losev E.A., Levakin I.A., Prokof’ev V.V., Zavirskij Ya.V., Galaktionov K.V. Intraspecific variation in appearence of cercariae Himastla elongata (Trematod: Echinostomatidae) geo- and photoreactions. In: Proceedings of the V Al-Russian conference with International participation on theoretical and marine parasitology. (23-27 April 2012, Svetlogorsk, Kaliningrad district). Nigmatullin Ch.M. (ed.). Kaliningrad: AtlantNIRO Publishing. 2012: 130-132. (In Russian).
Nigmatullin Ch.M., Galaktionov K.V. Evolutionary and ecological aspects of formation of oceanic fauna of helminths and their life cycles in connection with habitat specificity. // Proceedings of the V Al-Russian conference with International participation on theoretical and marine parasitology. (23-27 April 2012, Svetlogorsk, Kaliningrad district). Nigmatullin Ch.M. (ed.). Kaliningrad: AtlantNIRO Publishing. 2012: 143-145. (In Russian).
Galaktionov K.V., Dobrovolskij A.A., Podvyaznaya I.M. 2012. The main tendencies in morphological and functional evolution of parthenogenetic generations of trematodes. In: Modern problems of general parasitology. The materials of the International conference (30 October — 1 November, 2012, Moscow) S.O. Movsesyan, S.V. Zinovieva, A.N. Pelgunov, E.N. Protasova (Eds.), Moscow, A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution RAS, Center of Parasitology: 79-82. (In Russian).
Podvyaznaya IM, Galaktionov KV (2011) On the presence and origin of nuclei in external tegument of sporocycts of trematods (Bucephalidae family). Proceedings of II all-Russian conference with international participation, dedicated to 105-th anniversary of Academician AC Ivanov. October 17-19, 2011. St.-Petersburg. LEMA Publishing, p. 262-265. (In Russian).
Galaktionov KV, Podvyaznaya IM, Dobrovol'skii AA (2011) Modular principle in morphofunctional organization of sporocysts of some trematods. Contemporary problems of evolutionary morphology of animals. Proceedings of II all-Russian conference with international participation, dedicated to 105-th anniversary of Academician AC Ivanov. October 17-19, 2011. St.-Petersburg. LEMA Publishing, p. 94-97. (In Russian).
Prokof'ev VV, Levakin IA, Losev EA, Zavirskii YaV, Galaktionov KV. 2011. Clonal variability in geotaxis and phototaxis reactions in cercaria of Himasthla elongata (Trematoda: Echinostomatidae). Parazitologia (Parasitology), 45 (5) (In Russian).
Podvyaznaya I.M., Galaktionov K.V. 2011. An ultrastructural study of the branched sporocyst of Prosorhynchoides borealis Bartoli, Gibson et Bray, 2006 (Digenea, Bucephalidae) to investigate morpho-functional specialization. Journal of Helminthology, published online, doi:10.1017/S0022149X11000137
Tolstenkov O.O., Prokofyev V.V., Terenina N.B., Galaktionov K.V. 2010. An effect of some pharmacological substances on the locomotor activity of Cryptocotyle lingua (Creplin, 1825) (Heterophyidae) cercaria. Parazitologiya, 44 (5): 406-413. (In Russian).
Galaktionov KV, Regel KV, Atrashkevich G.I. 2010. Microphallus kurilensis sp. nov. — a new species of microphallids group “pygmaeus” (Trematoda: Microphallidae) from coastal areas of the Sea of Okhotsk and the Bering Sea. Parazitologiya, 44 (6): 466-475. (In Russian).
Prokofiev V., Galaktionov K. 2009. Strategies of search behaviour in trematode cercariae. Proceedings of the Zoological Institute RAS. 313 (3): 308-318. (in Russian)
Galaktionov K. 2009. Description of marita and species state determination in Microphallus pseudopygmaeus sp. nov. (Trematoda: Microphallidae). Parazitologia 43 (4): 289-299. (in Russian)
Sukhotin A.A., Krasnov Yu.V., Galaktionov K.V. 2008. Subtidal populations of the blue mussel Mytilus edulis as key determinants of waterfowl flocks in the southeastern Barents Sea. Polar Biology 31: 1357-1363.
Aleksashina I.Y., Galaktionov K.V., Oreshenko, N.I. 2008. Natural History. 11 class. Textbook for institutions of general education (permitted by Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation). Prosveshenie, Moscow, 142. (In Russian).
Podvyaznaya I.M., Galaktionov K.V. 2008. An ultrastructural study of the early cercarial development in Prosorhynchoides borealis (Digenea: Bucephalidae) with special reference to the formation of the primitive epithelium. Journal of Helminthology 82: 101-108.
Aleksashina, I.Y., Galaktionov, K.V., Dmitriev, I.S. and Sokolova, I.I. 2007. Natural History. 10 class. Textbook for institutions of general education (permitted by Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation). Prosveshenie, Moscow, 270. (In Russian).
Galaktionov, K.V. 2007. Patterns in transmission of trematode life cycles in marine ecosystems. Scientific Transactions of the Kazan State University, 149. Ser. Natural Sciences, 3: 74-78. (In Russian).
Galaktionov, KV. 2007. A description of Cercariae falsicingulaeI larva nov. (Digenea, Gymnophallidae) parthenogenetic metacercariae and cercariae from Falsicingula gastropods with speculations on the life cycle. Systematic Parasitology 68 (2): 137-146.
Galaktionov, K.V, Skirnisson, K. 2007. New data on Microphallus breviatus Deblock & Maillard, 1975 (Microphallidae: Digenea) with emphasis on the evolution of dixenous life cycles of microphallids. Parasitology Research 100: 963-971.
Galaktionov K.V. 2006. Phenomenon of parthenogenetic metacercariae in gymnophallids and aspects of trematode evolution. Proceedings of the Zoological Institute. Zoological Session. Annual Report 310: 51-58.
Galaktionov K.V., Irwin S.W.B., Prokofiev V.V., Saville D.H., Nikolaev K.E., Levakin I.A. 2006. Trematode transmission in coastal communities - temperature dependence and climate change perspectives. 11th International Congress of Parasitology (ICOPA XI). Glasgow (Scotland, United Kingdom), August 6-11, 2006. Medimond International Proceedings: 85-90.
Nikolaev K.E., Sukhotin A.A., Galaktionov K.V. 2006. Infection patterns in White Sea blue mussels Mytilus edulis L. of different age and size with metacercariae of Himasthla elongate (Mehlis, 1831) (Echinostomatidae) and Cercaria parvicaudata Stunkard & Shaw, 1931 (Renicolidae). Diseases of Aquatic Organisms 71: 51-58.
Galaktionov, K.V, Irwin, S.W.B, Saville, D.H. 2006. One of the most complex life cycles among trematodes: a description of Parvatrema margaritense (Ching, 1982) n. comb. (Gymnophallidae) possessing parthenogenetic metacercariae. Parasitology 132 (5): 733-746.
Kuklin V.V., Galaktionov K.V., Galkin A.K., Marasaev S.F. 2005. A comparative analysis of helminth fauna of Kittiwakes (Rissa tridactyla (Linneus, 1758)) and Glaucous gulls (Larus hyperboreus Gunnerus, 1767) from different parts of the Barents Sea. Parazitologia, 39 (6): 544-558. (In Russian).
Bustnes J.O., Galaktionov K.V. 2004. Evidence of a state dependent trade-off between energy intake and parasite avoidance in the Steller’s Eider. Canadian Journal of Zoology 82: 1566-1571.
Skirnisson K., Galaktionov K.V., Kozminsky E.V. 2004. Factors influencing the distribution of digenetic trematodes infections in a mudsnail (Hydrobia ventrosa) population inhabiting salt marsh ponds in Iceland. J.Parasitol. 90: 50-59.
Podvyaznaya I.M., Galaktionov K.V., Irwin S.W.B. 2004. An ultrastructural study of the excretory system development in the cercariae of Prosorhynchoides gracilescens (Rudolphi, 1819) Hopkins, 1954 and Prosorhynchus squamatus Odhner, 1905 (Digenea, Bucephalidae). Parasitology 129 :165-179.
Podvyaznaya I.M., Galaktionov K.V. 2004. An ultrastructural study of the excretory system of the cercariae of Bucephaloides gracilescens (Rudolphi, 1819) Hopkins, 1954 and Prosorhynchus squamatus Odhner, 1905 (Digenea, Bucephalidae). Journal of Helminthology 78:147-158.
Galaktionov K.V., Bulat S.A., Alekhina I.A., Saville D.H., Fitzpatrick S.M., Irwin S.W.B. 2004. Evolutionary relationships within “pygmaeus” group microphallids using genetic analysis and scanning electron microscopy. Journal of Helminthology 78: 231-236.
Irwin S.W.B., Galaktionov K.V., Malkova I.I., Saville D.H., Fitzpatrick S.M. 2003. An ultrastructural study of reproduction in the parthenogenetic metacercariae of Cercaria margaritensis Ching, 1982 (Digenea: Gymnophallidae). Parasitology 126: 1-11.
Galaktionov K.V., Dobrovolskij A.A. 2003. The Biology and Evolution of Trematodes: an Essay on the Biology, Morphology, Life Cycles, Transmission, and Evolution of Digenetic Trematodes. Boston, Dordrecht, London: Kluwer Academic Publ.: 620.
Naumov A.D., Berger V.Ya., Galaktionov K.V. 2003. Features of the White Sea ecosystems: the structure and dynamics of the benthic and pelagic communities. Oceanology 43: 134-144.
Dobrovolskij A.A., Galaktionov K.V. 2003. Main Stages in the Evolution of Digenea Life Cycles. In Hommage а Louis Euzet - Taxonomy, Ecology, and Evolution of Metazoan Parasites, C. Combes and J. Jourdane, eds. Perpignan, France: Presses Universitaires de Perpignan: 273-290.
Skirnisson K., Galaktionov K.V. 2002. Life cycles and transmission patterns of seabird digeneans in SW Iceland. Sarsia 87: 144-151.
Galaktionov K.V., Berger V.Ja., Prokofiev V.V. 2002. Comparison of resistance to environmental factors of the molluscs Hydrobia ulvae infected with trematode parthenitae and those free from infection. Parazitologiya, 36: 195-202. (In Russian).
Galaktionov K.V. 2002. Modern biodiversity and its formation in the course of evolution. St. Petersburg University of Pedagogical Art Publ., St. Petersburg, 79. (In Russian).
Prokofiev V.V., Berger V.Ja., Galaktionov K.V. 2001. Respiration and movement of cercariae of three species from the White Sea intertidal molluscs Littorina littorea L. (Gastropoda). Parasitologiya, 35, 4: 325–332. (In Russian).
Berger V.Ja., Galaktionov K.V., Naumov. A.D. 2001. Concluding remarks. In: White sea. Ecology and environment. St-Petersburg-Tromso :137-138
Berger V.Ja., Galaktionov K.V., Prokofiev V.V. 2001. Influence of parasites on host adaptations to environmental factors: host-parasite system molluscs-trematoda parthenitae. Parazitologia, 35 (3): 192-199.(In Russian).
Galaktionov K.V., Dobrovolskij A.A. 2000. An ecological approach to the analysis of trematode life cycle evolution. Bulletin of the Scandinavian Society for Parasitology 10: 13-18.
Dobrovolskij A.A. Galaktionov K.V. and Ataev G.L. 2000. Peculiarities of the generative material organization and proliferation dynamics of trematode mother sporocysts. Parzitologiya, 34 (1): 14-24. (In Russian).
Galaktionov K.V. 2000. Evolutionary concept in formation of modern ideas on diversity of life. In: Modern perspectives in natural-science education. St Petersburg University of Pedagogical Technique publ., St. Petersburg: 24-36. (In Russian).
Galaktionov K.V., Skirnisson K. 2000. Digeneans from intertidal molluscs of SW Iceland. Systematic Parasitology 47: 87-101.
Bustnes J.O., Galaktionov K.V., Irwin S.W.B. 2000. Potential threats to littoral biodiversity: is increased parasitism a consequence of human activity? Oikos 90: 189-190.
Galkin A.K., Galaktionov K.V. 2000. Find of cestode in Little Auk Alle alle from the Franz Josef Land. Parzitologiya, 34: 249-252. (In Russian).
Galkin A.K., Galaktionov K.V., Marasaev S.F. 1999. Find of Microsomacanthus ductilus (Cestoda: Hymenolepididae) in Common Eider of the Franz Josef Land. Parazitologia, 33: 113-117. (In Russian).
Galaktionov K.V., Bustnes J.O. 1999. Distribution patterns of marine bird digenean larvae in periwinkles along the southern Barents Sea coast. Diseases of Aquatic Organisms 37: 221-230.
Bustnes J.O., Galaktionov K.V. 1999. Anthropogenic influences on the infestation of intertidal gastropods by seabird trematode larvae on the southern Barents Sea coast. Marine Biology 133, №3: 449-453
Galaktionov K.V., Dobrovolskij, A.A. 1998. The ways of trematode expansion in ecosystems of different type. In: Theoretical and practical problems of helminthology. Institute of Parasitology of the RAS publ., Moscow: 114-123. (In Russian).
Galaktionov K.V., Dobrovolskij A.A. 1998. The Origin and Evolution of Trematode Life Cycles. Nauka publisher, St. Petersburg, 404. (In Russian).
Galaktionov K.V., Kuklin V.V., Ishkulov D.G., Galkin A.K., Marasaev, S.F., Marasaeva E.F., Prokofiev V.V. 1997. On the helminths fauna of birds from the coast and islands of Eastern Murman (the Barents Sea). In: Matishov G.G. (ed.), Ekologiya ptits i tyulenei v moryakh severo-zapada Rossii (Ecology of birds and seals in the seas of the Northwestern Russia). Kola Scientific Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences Publ., Apatity: 67–153. (In Russian).
Saville D.H., Galaktionov K.V., Irwin S.W.B., Malkova I.I. 1997. Morphological comparison and identification of metacercariae in the “pygmaeus” group of microphallids, parasites of seabirds in western palearctic regions. Journal of Helminthology 71: 167-174.
Galaktionov K.V., Malkova I.I., Irwin S.W.B., Saville D.H., Magiure J.G. 1997. The structure and formation of metacercarial cysts in the trematode family Microphallidae Travassos, 1920. Journal of Helminthology 71: 13-20.
Galaktionov K.V. 1996. Life cycles and distribution of seabird helminths in the Arctic and sub-Arctic regions. Bulletin of the Scandinavian Society for Parasitology 6: 31-49.
Galaktionov K.V. 1996. An experimental study of unusual life cycle of Parvatrema sp. (Trematoda: Gymnophallidae). Parazitologia, 30: 487-494. (In Russian).
Galaktionov K.V. 1996. Impact of seabirds helminths on host populations and coastal ecosystems. Bulletin of the Scandinavian Society for Parasitology 6: 50-64.
Galaktionov K.V., Malkova I.I., Irwin S.W.B., Saville D.H., Magiure J.G. 1996. Developmental changes in the tegument of four microphallid (Microphallidae Travassos, 1920) metacercariae in their second (crustacean) intermediate host. Journal of Helminthology 70: 201-210.
Galaktionov K.V., Bustnes J.O. 1996. Diversity and prevalence of seabird parasites in intertidal zones of the Barents Sea coast. NINA-NIKU Project Report. Tromso 4: 1-27
Galaktionov K.V., Malkova I.I. 1995. Changes in the excretory bladder ultrastructure during the morphogenesis of Levinseniella brachysoma (Trematoda: Microphallidae) metacercariae. Journal of Helminthology 69: 203-212.
Krasnov Yu.V., Matishov G.G., Galaktionov K.V. and Savinova T.N. 1995. Murman's colonial seabirds. Nauka publisher, St Petersburg, 224. (In Russian).
Galaktionov K.V., Marasaev S.F. 1995. Parasitological situation in the Barents Sea coastal waters. In: Matishov G.G. (ed.). Biological resources of coastal waters of the Kola peninsula. Kola Scientific Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences Publ., Apatity: 130-134. (In
Galaktionov K.V. 1995. Long-term changes in the helminth fauna of colonial seabirds in the Seven Islands archipelago (Barents Sea, Eastern Murman). In: Ecology of fjords and coastal waters. Skjolda H.R., Hopkins C., Erikstad K.E., Leinaas H.P., eds. Amsterdam: Elsevier Science: 489-496.
Galaktionov K.V., Bustnes J.O. 1995. Prevalence of trematodes in intermediate hosts compared to the distribution of final hosts: a study of periwinkles and marine birds. Sarsia 80: 489-496
Galkin A.K., Galaktionov K.V., Marasaev S.F., Prokofyev V.V. 1994. Cestodes of the fish-eating birds of Kharlov island and Franz Josef Land. Parazitologia, 28: 373-384. (In Russian).
Galaktionov K.V., Malkova I.I. 1994. The gland of trematode cercariae of family Microphallidae Travassos, 1920. International Journal for Parasitology 24: 595-604.
Galaktionov, K.V. 1993. Life Cycles of Trematodes as Components of Ecosystems. Apatity, Kola Scientific Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences Publ., 190. (In Russian).
Galaktionov K.V., Malkova I.I. 1993. Development of the alimentary tract during morphogenesis of the metacercariae of Levinseniella brachysoma. Journal of Helminthology 67: 87-94.
Galaktionov K.V. 1992. Seasonal dynamics of the age composition of daughter sporocyst hemipopulations of microphallids of the "pygmaeus" group (Trematoda, Microphallidae) in intertidal molluscs Littorina saxatilis in the Barents Sea. Parazitologia, 26 (6): 462-469. (In Russian).
Galaktionov K.V. 1991. Some evolutionary tendencies in morphogenesis of the larvae of the hermaphroditic generation of trematodes of the family Microphallidae. Parazitologiya, 25 (6): 520-526. (In Russian).
Galaktionov K.V. 1991. The development of the metacercariae of Microphallus pirum (Syn. Levinseniella somateria) (Trematoda: Microphallidae). Parazitologiya 25 (2): 116-124. (In Russian).
Galaktionov K.V., Krasnodembskij, E.G. 1990. Glandular formations of microphallid trematode cercariae. Vestnik Leningradskogo Universiteta (Bulletin of the Leningrad University), ser. 3: 3-10. (In Russian).
Mikhailova N.A., Podgornaya O.I., Galaktionov K.V. 1990. The use of protein electrophoresis for the species identification of “pygmaeus” group microphallids (Trematoda, Microphallidae). Parazitologiya 24 (1): 12-17 (In Russian).
Galaktionov K.V., Mikhailova N.A. 1990. Distribution of trematode infection in intertidal molluscs of the genus Littorina in the Onega Bay of the White Sea. In: Dobrovolskij A.A., Galaktionov K.V., Strelkov A.A. (eds.). Morfologiya i Ekologiya Parazitov Morskikh Zhivotnykh (Morphology and Ecology of Parasites of Marine Animals). Kola Scientific Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences Publ., Apatity: 61-75. (In Russian).
Galaktionov K.V. 1990. Influence of parasitizing of microphallid trematode parthenitae on resistance of intertidal molluscs Littorina saxatilis (Olivi) to stress factors. In: Dobrovolskij A.A., Galaktionov K.V., Strelkov A.A. (eds.). Morfologiya i Ekologiya Parazitov Morskikh Zhivotnykh (Morphology and Ecology of Parasites of Marine Animals). Kola Scientific Centre of the USSR Academy of Sciences Publ., Apatity: 12-33. (In Russian).
Galaktionov K.V., Marasaev S.F. 1990. Distribution of trematode infection foci in the Barents Sea. In: Matishov G.G. (ed.). Ecology and biological productivity of the Barents Sea. Nauka Publishers, Moscow: 37-47. (In Russian).
Galaktionov K.V. and Malkova I.I. 1990. Ultrastructure and formation of the stylet in cercariae of microphallid trematodes (Plagiorchiida, Microphallidae). Zoologicheskii Zhurnal (Zoological Journal), 69 (8): 130-135. (In Russian).
Galaktionov K.V., Malkova I.I. 1990. Tegument structure in cercariae of microphallid trematodes. Parazitologiya, 24 (4): 301-308. (In Russian).
Malkova I.I., Galaktionov K.V. 1989. Electron-microscopic investigation of the excretory system of microphallid cercariae (Trematoda, Microphallidae). Parazitologiya, 23 (6): 511-517 (In Russian).
Galaktionov K.V. and Dobrovolskij, A.A. 1989. Parasites in ecosystems of the northern seas. In: Matishov, G.G. (Ed.). Zhizn’ i Sreda Polyarnykh Morei (Life and Environment of the Polar Seas). Nauka Publishers, Leningrad, 199-217. (In Russian).
Galaktionov K.V. 1989. Maritrema murmanica sp. n. – a new microphalld trematode with aberrant life cycle. Parazitologiya, 23 (5): 412-418. (In Russian).
Galaktionov K.V., Marasaev S.F., Timofeeva S.V., Marasaeva E.F. 1988. Methods of evaluation of parasitological situation in coastal waters of the Barents Sea. Kola Scientific Centre of the USSR Academy of Sciences Publ., Apatity: 46. (In Russian).
Galaktionov K.V. 1988. Cercariae and metacercariae of Levinseniella brachysoma (Trematoda, Microphallidae) from invertebrates of the White Sea. Parazitologiya, 22 (4): 304-311. (In Russian).
Galaktionov K.V. 1987. Trematode life cycles in littoral biocenoses. In: Polijansky G.I., Dobrovolskij A.A., Galaktionov K.V. (eds.). Zhiznennye Cycly Parazitov v Biotsenozakh Severnykh Morei (Life Cycles of Parasites in Biocenoses of the Northern Seas). Kola Scientific Centre of the USSR Academy of Sciences Publ., Apatity: 5-28. (In Russian).
Galaktionov K.V., Mikhailova N.A. 1987. Populations of mollusc Littorina saxatilis (Olivi) and their infection with trematode parthenitae at the northern-eastern boarder of the molluscan species distribution area (Novaya Zemlya and Vaygach islands). In: Polijansky G.I., Dobrovolskij A.A., Galaktionov K.V. (eds.). Zhiznennye Cycly Parazitov v Biotsenozakh Severnykh Morei (Life Cycles of Parasites in Biocenoses of Northern Seas). Kola Scientific Centre of the USSR Academy of Sciences Publ., Apatity: 42-58. (In Russian).
Galaktionov K.V. 1987. Ecological analysis of trematode fauna of the gastropod mollusc Littorina saxatilis in the south-eastern Barents Sea. Biologia Moria (Russian Journal of Marine Biology), 6: 21-26. (In Russian).
Galaktionov K.V., Dobrovolskij, A.A. 1986. Parasites in marine shelf communities. In: G.G. Matishov (ed.). Zhizn’ i Usloviya eyo Sushchestvovaniya v Bentali Barentseva Morya (Life and Conditions of its Existence at the Bottom of the Barents Sea). Kola Scientific Centre of the USSR Academy of Sciences Publ., Apatity, 160-186. (In Russian).
Galaktionov K.V., Marasaev S.F. 1986. Ecological analysis of trematode fauna of gastropods in the south-eastern part of the Barents Sea. Parazitologiya, 20 (6): 455-460. (In Russian).
Galaktionov K.V., Marasaev S.F. 1986. Patterns in distribution of molluscs of the genus Littorina infected by trematode parthenitae in the intertidal zone of the Barents and White Seas. Vestnik Leningradskogo Universiteta (Bulletin of the Leningrad University), ser. 3, 1: 88-90. (In Russian).
Galaktionov K.V. 1986. Metacercariae of family Microphallidae Travassos, 1920 from benthic molluscs of the south-eastern part of the Barents Sea. Pitologiya, 20 (5): 389-396. (In Russian).
Galaktionov K.V. 1985. The infection of males and females of molluscs of the genus Littorina (Gastropoda, Prosobranchia) with parthenitae of trematodes in the Barents Sea coastal waters. Parazitologiya, 19 (3): 213-219. (In Russian).
Galaktionov K.V., Dobrovolskij A.A. 1985. Development and reproduction of the mother generation of parthenitae of trematodes of the genus Microphallus (Plagiorchiida, Microphallidae). Zoologicheskii Zhurnal (Zoological Journal), 64 (10): 1468-1475. (In Russian).
Galaktionov K.V. 1984. Microphallids of the "pygmaeus" group. II. Microphallus triangulates sp. nov. (Trematoda: Microphallidae). Vestnik Leningradskogo Universiteta (Bulletin of the Leningrad University), 3: 5-11. (In Russian).
Rusanov, N.I. and Galaktionov, K.V. 1984. Seasonal dynamics of development and reproduction of the parthenitae of Podocotyle atomon (Rudolphi, 1802) (Trematoda: Opecoelidae) in the littoral molluscs of the Barents Sea. In: Polijansky G.I., Dobrovolskij A.A., Galaktionov K.V. (eds.). Ekologo-Parazitologicheskie Issledovaniya Severnykh Morei (Ecological-Parasitological Investigations of the Northern Seas). Kola Branch of the USSR Academy of Sciences Publ., Apatity:41-51 (In Russian).
Galaktionov K.V., Dobrovolskij A.A. 1984. An attempt at the populational analysis of trematode life cycles by the example of the “pygmaeus" group microphallids (Trematoda: Microphallidae). In: Polijansky G.I., Dobrovolskij A.A., Galaktionov K.V. (eds.). Ekologo-Parazitologicheskie Issledovaniya Severnykh Morei (Ecological-Parasitological Investigations of the Northern Seas). Kola Branch of the USSR Academy of Sciences Publ., Apatity, 8-41. (In Russian).
Galaktionov K.V. 1983. Parasitological investigations in the Murmansk Marine Biological Institute. In: Matishov G.G. (ed.). Biologicheskie issledovania severnikh morey (Biological investigations in the northern seas). Kola Branch of the USSR Academy of Sciences Publ., Apatity: 53-60. (In Russian).
Galaktionov K.V. 1983. Microphallids of the "pygmaeus" group. I. Description of species Microphallus pygmaeus (Levinsen, 1881) nec Odhner, 1905 and M. piriformes (Odhner, 1905) nom. nov. (Trematoda: Microphallidae). Vestnik Leningradskogo Universiteta (Bulletin of the Leningrad University), 15 (3): 20-30. (In Russian).
Galaktionov K.V., Rusanov, N.I. 1983. Some ecological-populational aspects of interrelations in the system molluscs of the genus Littorina – trematode parthenitae on the site of the Barents Sea coast.” In Matishov G.G. (ed.). Issledovania Biologii, Morfologii i Fiziologii Gidrobiontov (Studies on Biology, Morphology, and Physiology of Water Organisms). Kola Branch of the USSR Academy of Sciences Publ., Apatity: 65-83. (In Russian).
Dobrovolskij A.A., Galaktionov K.V., Muhamedov G.K., Sinha B.K., Tihomirov I.A. 1983. Parthenogenetic Generations of Trematodes. Trudy Leningradskogo Obshestva Estestvoispytatelei (Transactions of the Leningrad Society of Naturalists), 82, Leningrad: 108. (In Russian).
Galaktionov K.V. 1982. Seasonal dynamics of development of parthenitae of the “pygmaeus” group microphallids (Trematoda: Microphallidae) in molluscs Littorina saxatilis and L. obtusata in the Barents and White Seas. In: Tokin I.B. (ed.). Plankton pribrezhnikh vod Vostochnogo Murmana (Plankton in coastal waters of the Eastern Murman). Kola Branch of the USSR Academy of Sciences Publ., Apatity: 89-105. (In Russian).
Galaktionov K.V. 1980.Variations in metacercarial number inside daughter sporocysts of Microphallus pygmaeus (Trematoda: Microphallidae). Parazitologiya, 14(2): 299-307.(In Russian).
Galaktionov K.V. 1980. Four types of metacercariae species in molluscs, Littorina saxatili s and L. obtusata from the Barents and White Seas. Vestnik Leningradskogo Universiteta (Bulletin of the Leningrad University), Ser. Biol., 3 (1): 21-28. (In Russian).
Galaktionov K.V. 1980. Life cycle of fluke Mesostephanus appendiculatus (Ciurea, 1916) Lutz, 1935 nec Martin, 1961. Vestnik Leningradskogo Universiteta (Bulletin of the Leningrad University), Ser. Biol. 21: 27-34.(In Russian).
Galaktionov K.V., Olenev A.V., Dobrovolskij A.A. 1980. Two species of cyathocotylid cercariae from the freshwater snail Melanopsis praemorsa. Parazitologiya, 14 (4): 299-307. (In Russian).