Caspian Sea Biodiversity Project under umbrella of Caspian Sea Environment Program

Check-list for Caspian Sea water and coastal plants

by Ljubov V. Zhakova

No	Family	Species	Year and Autor of Description	Origin	Relative magnitude	Status (last found)	Description areas	Date of the last study done
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9
Pteridophyta
1	Marsileaceae	Marsilea aegyptiaca	Willdenow C.L., 1810		Hydrophyte. Grows along silt dry shores of reservoirs	Rare	Ural-Volga interfluve; Volga delta	Listed in the Red Data Book of Astrakhan region (1995)
2		Marsilea quadrifolia	Linne v. Carl, 1753		Hydrophyte. Grows along banks of stagnant reservoirs, in water and dry places		Ural-Volga interfluve: Volga delta
3		Marsilea strigosa	Willdenow C.L., 1810		Hydrophyte. Grows along silt dry banks and shores		Ural-Volga interfluve
4		Pilularia globulifera	Linne v. Carl, 1753		Hydrophyte	Rare	Reservoirs of Caspian depression
5	Salvinaceae	Salvinia natans	(Linne ) Allioni C., 1785		Hydrophyte. Grows in river-bed and back-waters, along banks of stagnant reservoirs and in flooded rushes	Widespread	Ural-Volga interfluve; Volga delta; Ural delta; North-western Caspian; Reservoirs of Caspian depression
Magnoliopsida
6	Polygonaceae	Polygonum (Persicaria) amphibium	Linne v. Carl, 1753		March-meadows hygro-mesophyte		Coastal zone of Nord-Western Caspian
7		Rumex aquaticus	Linne v. Carl, 1753		March-meadows hygro-mesophyte		Nord-Western Caspian
8	Chenopodiaceae	Salicornia europaea	Linne v. Carl, 1753		Grows along damp saline lands, sores, seashores and shores of salt lakes	Widespread	Transition zone of North-Eastern Caspian
9	Nelumbonaceae	Nelumbo nucifera (Synonym: Nelumbium caspicum Fisch.)	Gaertner, 1788		Hydrophyte. In shallow lakes of former riverbeds, in well-warming up water on silt-sandy and muddy bottom	Rare	Ural-Volga interfluve of North-Eastern Caspian; kultuk zone of Volga delta	Listed in the Red Data Book of Kazakhstan and Russia (2005)
10	Nymphaeaceae	Nymphaea alba	Linne v. Carl, 1753		Hydrophyte. Grows in former river-bed, in reach and ponds	Commonly	Reservoirs of Caspian depression
11		Nymphaea candida	Presl C. (K.) B., 1822		Hydrophyte. Grows in lakes, in rivers, in river deltas, often with forming thickets	Commonly species in Russia, rare in Kazakhstan	Ural-Volga interfluve of North-Eastern Caspian; Reservoirs of Caspian depression	Listed in the Red Data Book Kazakhstan
12		Nymphaea tetragona	Georgi 1775		Hydrophyte. Grows in lakes and river-bed	Rare	Reservoirs of Caspian depression
13		Nuphar lutea	(Linne v. Carl) Smith, 1809		Hydrophyte. Grows in lakes,in rivers, in former riverbeds, often with forming thickets	Commonly	Ural-Volga interfluve of North-Eastern Caspian; Reservoirs of Caspian depression
14		Nuphar pumila	(Timm.) DC. 1821		Hydrophyte. Grows in lakes, river-bed, ponds and reach of river	Rare	Reservoirs of Caspian depression
15	Ceratophyllaceae	Ceratophyllum demersum	Linne v. Carl, 1753		Hydrophyte. Grows in freshwater reservoirs with stagnant or low-flowing water	Widespread	Coastal shallow waters of North-Eastern, Eastern and southern zone Western Caspian; Volga delta and avandelta
16		Ceratophyllum submersum	Linne v. Carl, 1763		Hydrophyte. Grows on lakes and rivers	Widespread	Coastal shallow waters of North Eastern Caspian; Volga delta
17		Ceratophyllum tanaiticum	Sapjegin, 1902		Hydrophyte. Crows in shallow brackishwater reservoirs	Rare	Volga delta	Listed in the Red Data Book of Astrachan region
18	Ranunculaceae	Batrachium trichophyllum (Synonym: Batrachium divaricatum Paula v. Schrank F. 1866)	(Chaix ex Villars) Bosch 1850		Hydrophyte. Grows in stagnant and low-flowing waters, on wet dirt of temporarily intermittent reservoirs	Widespread	Ural-Volga interfluve of North-Eastern Caspian
19		Batrachium eradicatum	(Laest.) Fr., 1843		Submersed hydrophyte		Volga avandelta
20		Batrachium foeniculaceum	I.E. Zhilibert, 1937		Hydrophyte. Grows on reservoirs with low-flowing water	Widespread	Ural-Volga interfluve of North-Eastern Caspian
21		Batrachium rionii	(Lagger) Nyman 1852		Hydrophyte. Grows in temporarily suitable conditions kultuks and ilmens		Volga delta
22	Droseriaceae	Aldrovanda vesiculosa	Linne v. Carl, 1753		Hydrophyte. Grows in thickets of helophytes: reeds and reed mace	Rare	Volga delta	Listed in the Red Data Book of Astrachan region
23	Elatinaceae	Elatine alsinastrum	Linne v. Carl, 1753		Hydrophyte. Grows on lakes, former river-bed, ponds, swamp and estuary of rivers		Reservoirs of Caspian depression
24		Elatine hungarica	Moesz, 1908		Hydrophyte		Ural river lower
25	Lythraceae	Lythrum salicaria	Linne v. Carl, 1753		March-meadows hygro-mesophyte		Coastal zone of Nord-Western Caspian
26	Trapaceae	Trapa natans (Synonym: Trapa astrachanica (Flerow) N.A.Winter)	Linne v. Carl, 1753		Hydrophyte. Grows in coastal areas of lakes, backwaters, along the edges of reeds	Rare	Ural-Volga interfluve of North-Eastern Caspian and Ural Avandelta; Volga delta and avandelta; Reservoirs of Reservoirs of Caspian depression	Listed in the Red Data Book of Russia and Kazachstan (2005)
27	Haloragaceae	Myriophyllum spicatum	Linne v. Carl, 1753		Hydrophyte. Grows in low-flowing waters, in bays, in former river- beds, in deep aryks, in drying swamps and lakes	Widespread	Locally, throughout the shallow water area of North - Eastern Caspian
28		Myriophyllum verticillatum	Linne v. Carl, 1753		Hydrophyte. Grows in stagnant or low-flowing shallow reservoirs, along banks, edges of ponds and lakeshores, in freshwater, sometimes in brac kish water	Widespread	Locally, throughout the shallow water area of North - Eastern Caspian
29	Hippuridaceae	Hippuris vulgaris	Linne v. Carl, 1753		Hygrohelophyte. Grows in stagnant or low-flowing shallow reservoirs		Reservoirs of Caspian depression
30	Umbelliferae	Oenanthe aquatica	(Linne ) Poir., 1798		Meadows-march hygrophyte		Coastal zone of Nord-Western Caspian
31	Menyanthaceae	Nymphoides peltata	(S.G.Gmel.) O.Kuntze 1891		Hydrophyte. Grows in stagnant water with a depth of 10-120 cm	Commonly	Volga delta and avandelta
32	Labiatae	Mentha aquatica	Linne v. Carl, 1753		March-meadows hygrophyte		Coastal zone of Nord-Western Caspian
33	Scrophulariaceae	Veronica anagallis-aquatica (Synonym: Veronica anagallidiformis Boreau, 1857)	Linne v. Carl, 1753		Hygrohelophyte. Grows on damp meadows, along riverbanks and brooks, sometimes in stagnant water, throughout distributed	Widespread	Ural-Volga interfluve of North-Eastern Caspian
34	Lentibulariaceae	Utricularia vulgaris	Linne v. Carl, 1753		Hydrophyte. Grows in stagnant or low-flowing shallow reservoirs	Rare	In coastal reservoirs nort-western part Volga delta
35	Asteraceae	Aster tripolium (Synonym: Tripolium vulgare Nees v. Esenbeck, 1832)	Linne v. Carl, 1753		Grows on alkali lands and saline meadows	Widespread	Transition zone of North-Eastern Caspian, Nord-Western Caspian
36		Bidens tripartita	Linne v. Carl, 1753		March-meadows hygro-mesophyte		Coastal zone of Nord-Western Caspian
37		Inula caspica	Blume 1822		March-meadows hygro-mesophyte
38		* Pulicaria uliginosa (Accepted: Pulicaria dysenterica (Linne ) Bernh. 1800)	Steven ex DC		March-meadows hygro-mesophyte. Grows in freshwater, temporary coastal reservoirs	Widespread	Coastal zone of Azerbaijan
Liliopsida
39	Typhaceae	Typha angustifolia	Linne v. Carl, 1753		Helophyte. Grows along banks, shores of lakes and swamps	Widespread	Ural-Volga interfluve; Volga delta
40		Typha latifolia	Linne v. Carl, 1753		Helophyte. Grows along banks, lakes and swamps, shores and edges of aryks and pits	Widespread	Ural-Volga interfluve ; Volga delta
41		Typha laxmannii	Lepeshkin S.N., 1801		Helophyte. Grows along swamped damp shores and edges of swamps	Widespread	Ural-Volga interfluve; Ural-Emba interfluve: Volga delta
42		Typha minima	Funck H.C., 1794		Helophyte. Grows along banks, shores of lakes and swamps	Widespread	Ural-Volga interfluve
43	Sparganiaceae	Sparganium erectum (Synonym: Sparganium polyedrum (Asch. & Graebn.) Juz.)	Linne v. Carl, 1753		Helophyte. Freshwater. Grows along banks, shores of lakes, ponds, former river-bed and estuary of river	commonly	Caspium depression; Volga delta; Nort-Western Caspian; Azerbaijan
44		Sparganium neglectum	Beeby		Helophyte		Azerbaijan
45		Sparganium stoloniferum	Buchanan F., 1832		Helophyte. Grows along banks, shores of lakes and water reservoirs	Widespread	Ural-Volga interfluve
46	Potamogetonaceae	Potamogeton crispus	Linne v. Carl, 1753		Hydrophyte. Grows in stagnant or slow-flowing freshwater and brackish waters of lakes, river backwater, sea bays, and reservoirs	Widespread	Volga delta and avandelta, Ural-Volga interfluve and middle and southern parts Western Caspian
47		Potamogeton filiformis	Pers., 1805		Hydrophyte. Grows in freshwater and brackish waters of lakes, river backwater, sea bays, and reservoirs		Ural-Emba interfluve; Volga delta; North-western Caspian
48		Potamogeton x fluitans	Roth		Hydrophyte	Rare	Volga delta
49		Potamogeton gramineus (Synonym: Potamogeton heterophyllus Schreb.)	Linne v. Carl, 1753		Hydrophyte. Grows in river and ponds		Middle zone abovewater of Volga delta
50		Potamogeton lucens	Linne v. Carl, 1753		Hydrophyte. Grows in rivers, ponds, lakes, and water reservoirs		Volga delta
51		Potamogeton macrocarpus	Dobroch., 1951		Hydrophyte. Grows in freshwater and brackish water lakes	Widespread	In the coastal area of North-Eastern Caspian
52		Potamogeton natans	Linne v. Carl, 1753		Hydrophyte. Grows in rivers, ponds, lakes, and water reservoirs	Widespread	Ural-Volga interfluve, abovwater part of the Volga delta
53		Potamogeton obtusifolius (obtusifolium)	Mert. & W.D.J.Koch 1823		Hydrophyte. Grows in stagnant or slow-flowing freshwater of ponds and reservoirs	Rare	Volga delta
54		Potamogeton pectinatus	Linne v. Carl, 1753		Hydrophyte. Grows in bays of the Sea, rivers, lakes, freshwater, brackish and salt waters at a depth of 20-30 cm to 5-6 m	Widespread	Locally all over the shallow water area of North-Eastern and middle and southern parts of Eastern and Western Caspian; Volga delta
55		Potamogeton perfoliatus	Linne v. Carl, 1753		Hydrophyte. Grows in rivers, in lakes, backwaters and former riverbeds, saltwater resist (up to 10%î)	Widespread	In the coastal zone of North-Eastern Caspian, Volga delta
56		Potamogeton pusillus	Linne v. Carl, 1753		Hydrophyte. Freshwater, grows in shallow water on clay-sandy grounds	Rare	Volga avandelta
57	Ruppiaceae	Ruppia spiralis	Linne ex Dumort. 1827		Hydrophyte. Grows in sea bays, in lakes with brackish and salt water, on sandy and shell-sandy grounds	Widespread	In the eastern part of North-Eastern Caspian; in the southern and middle area of Eastern Caspian
58		Ruppia maritima	Linne v. Carl, 1753		Hydrophyte. Grows in sea bays, in lakes in ilmens with brackish and salt water, on sandy and shell-sandy grounds		Ural-Emba interfluve; North-Eastern, Eastern and Western Caspian
59	Zannichelliaceae	Zannichellia major	(Hartm.) Boenn. ex Rchb., 1829		Hydrophyte. Grows in brackish and freshwaters, in sea bays, lakes	Widespread	Ural-Volga interfluve
60		Zannichellia palustris	Linne v. Carl, 1753		Hydrophyte. Grows in freshwater and brackish waters of sea bays, in lakes, in ilmens and rivers	Widespread	Ural-Volga interfluve; Ural delta
61		Zannichellia pedunculata	Reichenbac h, H. Gottlieb L., 1829		Hydrophyte. Grows in sea bays, in lakes, in rivers, in brackish and freshwater, often like weeds in rice fields	Widespread	Ural-Volga interfluve
62	Zosteraceae	Zostera noltii (Synonym: Z. minor Nolte ex Rchb.; Z. nana Roth; Z. marina (Cavolini F.) Nolte)	Hornem., 1832		Hydrophyte. Grows in sea at a depth of 1-2 up to 89(18)m, on sandy grounds, forming large bushes	Widespread	Locally all over the water area of Eastern, North-Eastern, Northern and Western Caspian
63	Najadaceae	Caulinia minor (Synonym: Najas minor All.)	(All.) Coss. et Germ. 1773		Hydrophyte. Grows in fresh and brackish water, in shallow and stagnant water on sand ans clay-sandy ground	Commonly	Volga avandelta; Ural-Emba interfluve; Reservoirs of Caspian depression
64		Najas marina	Linne v. Carl, 1753		Hydrophyte. Grows in rivers, in lakes, in sea bays, in brackish and freshwaters, at a depth of 10 cm up to 4-5 m	Rare	In the eastern area of North-Eastern Caspian. In the southern, middle and north area of Eastern Caspian; Volga delta and avandelta; Ural-Emba interfluve; Reservoirs of Caspian depression
65	Alismataceae	Alisma gramineum (Synonym: Alisma loeselii Gorski)	Lej. 1811		Grows along the sides of various reservoirs with brackish water		Ural-Volga interfluve, Nord-Western Caspian
66		Alisma lanceolatum (lanceolata)	Wither., 1796		Grows along the sides of various reservoirs	Rare	Ural-Volga interfluve
67		Alisma plantago-aquatica	Linne v. Carl, 1753		Grows along the sides of various reservoirs	Widespread	Ural-Volga interfluve
68		Damasonium alisma	Mill., 1768		Grows along the sides of estuary of river and marshes	rare	Ural-Volga interfluve
69		Sagittaria sagittifolia	Linne v. Carl, 1753		Helophyte. Grows along banks of stagnant or low flowing reservoirs	Widespread	Ural-Volga interfluve; Volga delta
70	Butomaceae	Butomus umbellatus	Linne v. Carl, 1753		Helophyte. Grows in stagnant or low-flowing shallow reservoirs and estuary rivers	Commonly	Ural-Volga interfluve, Ural Delta; Volga delta; Reservoirs of Caspian depression, Nord-Western Caspian
71	Hydrocharitaceae	Elodea canadensis	Michx., 1771	North America	Hydrophyte. Freshwater. Grows in stagnant and low-flowing waters, in ponds, in river backwaters, in former river-beds, in channels and others	Invader	Ural-Volga interfluve; Volga delta
72		Hydrocharis morsus-ranae	Linne v. Carl, 1753		Hydrophyte. Freshwater. Grows in stagnant and low-flowing waters, former riverbeds, and lakes, often in thickets of rigid vegetation: reeds, reed mace	Commonly	Ural-Volga interfluve; Reservoirs of Caspian depression; Volga delta;
73		Vallisneria spiralis	Linne v. Carl, 1753		Hydrophyte. Grows in sea bays, in shallows (up to 1,5 m), in brackish and fresh waters	Commonly	In the eastern area of North-Eastern Caspian; Volga delta; Reservoirs of Caspian depression
74	Gramineae	Agrostis stolonifera	Linne v. Carl, 1753		Hygro-helophyte. Grows in reservoirs with stagned water	Rare	Volga delta
75		Catabrosa aquatica	(Linne ) P.Beauv., 1812		Grows on damp me adows, near brooks of damp saline-land, often in water	Widespread	Ural-Volga interfluve
76		Phalaroides arundinacea	(Linne ) Rauschhert		Hygrophyte. Grows along banks shores of lakes and brooks, on damp meadows.,	Widespread	Coastal zone of islands of the North-Eastern Caspian; abovewater part of the Volga delta
77		Phragmites australis	(Cav.) Trin. ex Steud., 1841		Helophyte. Grows in the estuaries of rivers, forming thickets, along lakeshores, brooks and aryks, on water meadows, in depressions between hilly sands and as weeds on irrigation lands	Widespread	Occurs fragmentary throughout the wholle territory of delta and avandelta all the rivers, the lagest areas lie in the kultuk of the Volga delta
78	Cyperaceae	Carex acuta	Linne v. Carl, 1753		Higro-helophyte, soil weakly saline, flooding		Island part of the Volga delta
79		Carex acutiformis	Ehrh., 1789		Higro-helophyte		kultuk and island part of the Volga delta
80		Eleocharis palustris	(Linne ) Roem. & Schult. 1817		Meadows-march hygro-mesophyte, shallow part of ponds and lakes		Nord-Western Caspian
81		*Eleocharis (Heleoharis)* parvula**	(Roem. & Schult.) Link ex Bluff, Nees & Schauer 1836		Grows on saline lands, along seashores and bottoms of dry firths. Meadows-march halophyte	Widespread	Ural-Volga interfluve of North-Eastern and Nord-Western Caspian
82		*Eleocharis (Heleoharis)* acicularis**	(Linne ) Roem. & Schult. 1817		Hygro-mesophyte, grows in temporary reservoirs		Ural-Emba interfluve
83		Scirpus lacustris	Linne v. Carl, 1753		Helophyte. Grows along the banks of reservoirs, in water, rare in grass-swamps and swampy meadow	Widespread	Throughout the rush zone of North-Eastern Caspian
84		*Scirpus (Schoenoplectus)* litoralis**	Schrad. 1806		Helophyte. Grows on damp meadows		Coastal zone of Azerbaijan
85		*Scirpus (Schoenoplectus)* tabernaemontani** (Synonym: Scirpus lacustris L. subsp. tabernaemontani (C.C.Gmel.) Syme 1870)	C.C.Gmel., 1805		Helophyte. Grows in brackish water and along damp shores of lakes and riverbanks	Widespread	Throughout the rush zone of North-Eastern, Nord-Western and Western Caspian; Ural-Emba interfluve
86		Scirpus triqueter	Linne v. Carl, 1753		Hygro-helophyte. Grows in shallow rivers and eriks with flowing water and silty bottom		Southern part of the Western substeppe ilmens region and middle zone of the abovewater of Volga delta
87		*Bolboschoenus (Scirpus)* maritimus** (Synonym: Bolboschoenus compactus (Hoffm.) Drobow )	(Linne v. Carl) Palla E., 1905		Hygro-helophyte. Grows on damp meadows, grass-swamps and along the shores of reservoirs, along riverbanks and aryk’s edges, often on salt lands	Widespread	Throughout the rush zone of North-Eastern Caspian; Volga delta and avandelta
88		Bolboschoenus popovii	T.V.Egorova		Hygro-helophyte. Grows on swampy meadows, along the shores of reservoirs and aryk’s edges, mainly on salt grounds	Widespread	Throughout the rush zone of North-Eastern Caspian; ilmens of the Volga delta
89	Araceae	Acorus calamus	Linne v. Carl, 1753	South-Western Asia	Hygro-helophyte. Grows in shallow eriks and melioration channels	Invader	Coastal zone of middle part of the abovewater Volga delta
90	Lemnaceae	Lemna gibba	Linne v. Carl, 1753		Hydrophyte. Grows in old channal, the depth 80-100 cm		Eastern part of the abovewater of Volga delta
91		Lemna minor	Linne v. Carl, 1753		Hydrophyte. Freshwater. Grows in water reservoirs in large numbers	Widespread	Reservoirs of North-Eastern, Nord-Western, Western Caspian and Caspian depression
92		Lemna trisulca	Linne v. Carl, 1753		Hydrophyte. Freshwater. Grows in stagnant or low-flowing reservoirs, often in large numbers	Widespread	Ural-Volga interfluve of North-Eastern Caspian; Reservoirs of Caspian depression
93		Spirodela polyrhiza	(Linne ) Schleid. 1839		Hydrophyte. Grows in stagnant or low-flowing reservoirs, often in large numbers	Widespread	Volga delta; Reservoirs of Caspian depression
94	Juncaceae	Juncus articulatus	Linne v. Carl, 1753		Meadows-march hygrophyte		Coastal zone of Nord-Western Caspian
95		Juncus gerardii	Loisel. 1809		March-meadows hygrophyte		Coastal zone of Nord-Western Caspian
96		Juncus maritimus	Lam. 1789		Grows in the coastal pereodically inundated meadow		Coastal zone of Azerbaijan
97		Juncus litoralis	C.F.Mey		Grows in the coastal pereodically inundated meadow, soil saline		Coastal zone of Azerbaijan