Вклад зоологов России в коллектирование и первоописание птиц мировой фауны

В.А. Паевский

Труды Зоологического института РАН, 2018, 322(2): 144–159 · https://doi.org/10.31610/trudyzin/2018.322.2.144

Резюме

Дан краткий обзор становления музейных коллекций птиц в России, собранных в результате академических экспедиций по всему миру и по территории России. Подчёркивается непреходящая ценность зоологических коллекций, сосредоточенных в зоологических музеях и институтах. Последовательно по хронологии описаны результаты экспедиций, начиная с XVIII века, проходивших под эгидой Российской Академии наук и Императорского Русского географического общества: Первая Сибирская (Д.Г. Мессершмидт), Первая Камчатская и Великая Северная (В.И. Беринг, А.И. Чириков, Г.Ф. Мюллер, Г.В. Стеллер, И.Г. Гмелин, С.П. Крашенинников), Великие академические экспедиции по России (П.С. Паллас, С.Г. Гмелин, И.А. Гюльденштедт, И.И. Лепёхин, И.П. Фальк, И.Г. Георги), кругосветные морские экспедиции (И.Ф. Крузенштерн и Ю.Ф. Лисянский, Ф.Ф. Беллинсгаузен и М.П. Лазарев, Ф.Г. Киттлиц и А.К. Мертенс), а также экспедиции в Бразилию (Г. И. Лангсдорф и Э.П. Менетрие) и И.Г.Вознесенского в Русскую Америку, Командоры и Камчатку. Упоминается о важности зоологических экспедиционных сборов К.М. Бэра, А.Ф. Миддендорфа, Г.И. Радде, Н.А. Северцова, М.Н. Богданова, Г.Е. и М.Е. Грумм-Гржимайло. Особое внимание уделено великим азиатским походам в Центральную Азию в конце XIX – начале XX века Н.М. Пржевальского, В.И. Роборовского, П.К. Козлова, Г.Н. Потанина. М.В. Певцова, Б.Л. Громбчевского, М.А. Пыльцова и Н.А. Зарудного. Описан вклад орнитологов России конца XIX века и СССР в систематику птиц М.Н. Богданова, М.М. Березовского, М.А. Мензбира, В.Л. Бианки, Ф.Д. Плеске, П.П. Сушкина, С.А. Бутурлина, В.И. Дыбовского, В.А. Годлевского, М.И. Янковского и В.К. Тачановского. В заключении говорится об уникальной ценности зоологических коллекций для изучения систематики и филогении, в том числе и на основе молекулярно-генетических исследований.

Ключевые слова

коллекции, первоописание, птицы, российские зоологи, экспедиции

Поступила в редакцию 20 марта 2018 г. · Принята в печать 1 июня 2018 г. · Опубликована 25 июня 2018 г.

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