Биоразнообразие и распределение гидрополипов (Hydrozoa) в Баренцевом и прилегающей акватории Норвежского моря (по результатам сборов бентоса в экспедициях ПИНРО 2003–2008 гг.)

Н.Е. Журавлева и С.Г. Денисенко

Труды Зоологического института РАН, 2020, 324(4): 548–563 · https://doi.org/10.31610/trudyzin/2020.324.4.548

Резюме

В работе рассматривается биоразнообразие, распределение и биогеографический состав фауны Hydrozoa Баренцева моря. При анализе были использованы материалы, собранные в Баренцевом море в экспедициях с 2003 по 2008 гг. Были обнаружены 78 видов гидрополипов, принадлежащих к 37 родам, 16 семействам и 3 отрядам. Из них 7 видов встречаются более чем на 10% всех станций и образуют порядка 75% суммарной биомассы группы в водоеме. По биогеографическим характеристикам они могут быть объединены в 6 крупных групп, но основу фауны Hydrozoa составляют бореально-арктические и бореальные виды, заходящие в Арктику. Наиболее богаты в видовом отношении фауны юго-западного, северо-западного и юго-восточного районов, наиболее обедненная — в северо-восточном районе. Теоретически предельное количество видов гидроидов, обитающих в Баренцевом море, может достигать ~ 130. По акватории моря гидрополипы распределяются неравномерно, в зависимости от ряда абиотических факторов. Как показали результаты построения множественной регрессии, наибольшее влияние на биоразнообразие гидроидов оказывает глубина, степень заиленности донных осадков, температура придонного слоя воды, содержание гравия и более крупных фракций в осадках и градиент уклона дна. На показатели биомассы влияют следующие факторы: глубина, степень заиленности осадков, а также содержание в них гравия и более крупных фракций.

Ключевые слова

Баренцево море, биоразнообразие, Hydrozoa, распределение, фауна

Поступила в редакцию 16 апреля 2020 г. · Принята в печать 5 декабря 2020 г. · Опубликована 25 декабря 2020 г.

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