Архив выпусков

Ixodes pavlovskyi Pom. 1948 in systematical respect is close to I. persulcatus Schulze, 1930. Thus far the single female of I. pavlovskyi has been recorded in the Far-East of the USSR, Sikhote-Alin ridge, being found on Tetrastes bonasia (L.). The authors found this species in eastern Kazakhstan, in south-western ridges of Altai. The following birds are known as hosts of the species: Turdus pilaris L. (mainly), Anthus trivialis (L.), Tetrao urogallus L., Anas sp. The paper contains a redescription of female and description of male of I. pavlovskyi as well as differential diagnoses of female and male of I. persulcatus (the material from eastern Kazakhstan).

The behaviour and development of nymphs of Ixodes ricinus are dependent on the day length. An attacking activity of unfed nymphs is determined on the base of the photoperiodical reaction of long-day type, е. g. the activity increases at the long day. The regulation of development is based on an inversion of the photoperiodical reaction from the short-day type before to the long-day type after the engorgement of nymphs. Therefore the diapause of engorged ticks is determined by the long day before and fixed by the short day after their feeding. The role of age is essential and a tendency to the diapause diminishes with age. The rate of aging changes in nymphs of the south population (from Moldavia) is higher than in nymphs of the north population (from Leningrad district). There are differences in the aging changes rate between the aggresivity and the metamorphosis. The investigation of nymphs from Leningrad district supports a suggestion about two types of nymphal diapause (behavioural and morphogenetical) with autonomous regulation.

The paper deals with the changes of size and physiology of ixodid ticks in their feeding on sheep and rabbits repeatedly used for this purpose. The variations are as follows: weight decrease of larvae, nymphs and females; longer feeding time; disarrangement of the digestion processes in fed females; changes in the body shape. The female's posterity is less viable.

Cosmolaelaps gurabensis is a typical entomophagous predator. Females lay eggs with undeveloped embryos. The larval phase is provisory, non-feeding, the other phases (protonymph, deutonymph and mature) are active predators.

Ecological isolation of root voles in the reed thickets as well as the lack of connections with nests during their migrations from the flooded areas enabled us to find out gamasid mites associated with these animals. The decrease of the number of Hirstionyssus isabellinus (Oudms.) on root voles during their migrations indicates to the close connection of these parasites with the animals nests. The analysis of literary data dealing with a wide range of hosts of H. isabellinus and with the occurrence of mites in nests and on animals does not give grounds for considering this mite to be an epizoane species. It is rather a heterotopic nest-burrow watching bloodsucker. A definition of the life scheme of the vector is of great importance for determining its role in natural nidi of transmissive infections.

The paper contains a description of the external morphology of l^st-stage larvae of fleas Vermipsylla Schimk., 1885 and Dorcadia Roths., 1912. The structure of mandibles and chaetotaxy of the head and body are studied in detail. It has been established that the larvae of the both genera differ in the number of mandibular teeth and in chaetotaxy of the anal segment.

The following species of bird fleas were found in the nests of 10 species of birds in south-western Ukraine: Ceratophyllus garei Roths., C. borealis Roths., C. gallinae tribulis Jord., C. fringillae Walk., C. styx Roths and C. hirundinis Sam. Two of these species (С. gallinae tribulis Jord. and C. garei Roths.) were also found in the nests of rodents.

24 species of bloodsucking mosquitoes are registered as occurring in the Komi ASSR (see page 311). Aedes communis and A. punctor are the dominant and widely distributed species, the first species being the dweller of forest habitats, the second species — of swamps. In total collections on man these two accounted for 73—99% of all attacking mosquitoes. In forest-tundra zone, apart from the above species, A. hexodontus is rather numerous amounting to 4.6—25% in counts on man. The data on biology and phenology of each species are given.

The list of helminths of bisons and their hybrids comprises 48 forms (page 320), 36 of which are determined. Only 3 species (Cooperia bisonis, Skrjabinagia bisonis and Dictyocaulus viviparus) are specific to bisons, the others occur also in wild and domestic ruminants. Thus, the example with bisons confirmes Dogiel's conception on the impoverishment and the incidental nature of parasite fauna of relict animals.

Sneep, rabbits and guinea pigs were experimentally infested with 4^th-stage larvae of Oesophagostomum columbianum Curtice. After infestation of these animals on the organs of the abdominal cavity developed nodes of the same structure as in the host, which these larvae were extracted from. In experimental an mals both single and repeated introductions of the 4^th-stage larvae into the abdominal cavity did not cause purulent and general peritoiritis. The larvae invaded mostly the hind intestine.

Anomalies in the structure of cestodes (Hymenolepis diminuta) from the fore-intestine of Norway rats (Rattus norvegicus) are described herein. They are as follows: 5 types of anomal location of testes, the presence of nondisjuncted proglottids and those lacking uterus.

19 species of parasites were found in Ctenopharyngodon idella (Val.), Mylopharyngodon piceus (Rich.) and Hypophthalmichthys molitrix (Val.) introduced from China, Turkmenia and Kiev region. 8 species of parasites were introduced together with fishes. Trichophrya sinensis, Trichodina reticulata, Tripartiella lata, Dactylogyrus lamellatus, D. ctenopharyngodonis, Diplostomum spathaceum are recorded as occurring mostly often. During the years following the introduction the parasite fauna was observed to undergo considerable improverishment (in a year — 11 species, 3 years later— 6 species) with simultaneous reduction of infestation rate.

Experiments have shown that Nuttallia tadzhikistanica are capable of invading ticks Hyalomma anatolicum depending on the rate of parasitism and intensity of parasitemia in the vertebrate host. The ticks failed to be invaded with nuttallians in feeding on a vertebrate host during an incubation period and at the low parasitaemia (1 and less parasites in 100 erythrocytes).

As a result of undertaken experiments Hypophthalmichthys molitrix and Aristrichthys nobilis were found to be infested apart from Eimeria sinensis and E. cheni, with E. carpelli. Cyprinus carpio was infested only with E. carpelli; Ctenopharyngodon idella was found to be free from Coccidia.

The method of individual studying the infestation of chiggermites with tsutsugamushi rickettsia is proposed herein: viscera of each individual mite diluted wich saline were injected to white mice. The empty exuviae served for determining the species belonging of each investigated specimen. It is very important for establishing the range of vectors of pathogens and for studying individual peculiarities of various strains of rickettsia.

Summary is absent.

Summary is absent.

Summary is absent.