Eurytemora gracilicauda (Copepoda: Calanoida) в российской Арктике

Н.М. Сухих и Е.Б. Фефилова

Труды Зоологического института РАН, 2023, 327(1): 25–40 · https://doi.org/10.31610/trudyzin/2023.327.1.25

Резюме

В результате изучения популяций ракообразных рода Eurytemora из внутренних водоемов бассейнов Белого, Печорского морей, дельты Лены, о. Врангеля и с п-ова Камчатка установлено, что вид Eurytemora gracilicauda распространен вдоль всей северной границы российской Евразии. Для популяций из наскальных ванн Кандалакшского залива Белого моря, из озера на о. Кашин в Печорском море и из дельты реки Лены показано, что распространение вида происходило последовательно вдоль побережья Арктики. Исследования основываются на генетическом (участки генов CO1 и ITS1) и морфологическом анализах популяций. Методами морфологии подтверждена синонимия камчатского вида E. kurenkovi и E. gracilicauda. Коэффициенты вариации (СV), подсчитанные для популяций самок из Белого моря, дельты Лены и с п-ова Камчатка не превышали 10%, что говорит о низкой морфологической изменчивости вида. Наиболее широко представленная в генетическом анализе беломорская популяция имеет низкий уровень генетической изменчивости, что, совместно со значительной толерантностью к колебаниям солености в наскальных ваннах, в которых она обитает, может свидетельствовать о ее недавнем вселении в регион. Филогенетический анализ надежной топологии для вида E. gracilicauda не выявил. Показано, что вид не является родственным видам группы affinis. Результаты анализа молекулярного датирования на основе участка митохондриального гена СО1 указывают на образование вида E. gracilicauda на границе эпох Палеоцен-Верхний мел, а род Eurytemora, вероятно, является лавразийским по происхождению.

Ключевые слова

Арктические виды, Белое море, время происхождения вида, Камчатка, Коэффициент вариации, морфологический анализ, филогенетический анализ, Copepoda, Eurytemora gracilicauda

Поступила в редакцию 15 октября 2022 г. · Принята в печать 11 февраля 2023 г. · Опубликована 25 марта 2023 г.

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