Фауна немертин (Nemertea) Белого моря: 140 лет изучения

Е.М. Чабан, И.А. Чернева и А.А. Мартынова

Труды Зоологического института РАН, 2023, 327(1): 41–56 · https://doi.org/10.31610/trudyzin/2023.327.1.41

Резюме

Состав фауны немертин Белого моря уточнен по литературным данным, коллекциям Зоологического института РАН и собственным сборам. По опубликованным данным для Белого моря были указаны 52 вида. По нашим данным один из них (Tertastemma laminariae Uschakov, 1928) отмечен для Белого моря ошибочно; указания еще 6 видов следует считать сомнительными (Cerebratulus pantherinus Hubrecht, 1879; C. fuscoides Bürger, 1892; Micrura albida Verrill, 1879; Amphiporus bioculatus McIntosh, 1874, Tetrastemma flavidum Ehrenberg, 1828 и “Tetrastemma” vittigerum (Bürger, 1904)). В итоге фауна беломорских немертин включает 43 вида из 3 классов, 5 отрядов, 12 семейств; из них 5 видов формально не описаны, 6 определены только до рода и 7 видов – nomina dubia. В связи с отсутствием регионального определителя предложены ключи для определения по внешним признакам 17 наиболее обычных для Белого моря видов. Эти ключи могут быть использованы при проведении гидробиологических работ и студенческих практик. Массовыми видами на литорали Белого моря являются Lineus ruber (Müller, 1774), L. viridis (Müller,1774), Amphiporus lactifloreus (Johnston, 1828) и Cephalothrix filiformis (Johnston, 1828). В верхней илистой сублиторали до глубины 7–9 м часто встречается Arctostemma arcticum (Uschakov, 1926), нередко можно встретить Micrura sp. и Cephalothrix filiformis, глубже нередки Gurjanovella littoralis и Micrura spр.; Cerebratulus spр. встречаются и на больших глубинах. Наиболее изучены немертины Кандалакшского залива, где зарегистрированы 33 вида. Наибольший вклад в изучение фауны беломорских немертин внесли П.В. Ушаков, В.С. Короткевич, А.В. Чернышев и С.А. Маслакова.

Ключевые слова

Арктика, биоразнообразие, Nemertea, определительные ключи, фауна

Поступила в редакцию 19 ноября 2022 г. · Принята в печать 19 февраля 2023 г. · Опубликована 25 марта 2023 г.

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