Позднечетвертичные сообщества землероек Soricidae Урала и Дальнего Востока России: протокол формирования многофакторного морфопространства

Л.Л. Войта, В.Е. Омелько, Е.П. Изварин, Ю.Э. Кропачева, Е.О. Эйдинова, Ю.А. Шемякина, В.С. Никифорова, Т.В. Струкова и Н.Г. Смирнов

Труды Зоологического института РАН, 2023, 327(3): 555–590 · https://doi.org/10.31610/trudyzin/2023.327.3.555

Полный текст

Резюме

Статья представляет собой попытку разработки протокола анализа позднеплейстоценовых и голоценовых палеосообществ землероек с использованием современных подходов к анализу морфологических данных. Вначале мы оценили возможности коллекций ископаемых землероек из местонахождений Урала и Дальнего Востока для комплексного межрегионального анализа фенотипической изменчивости. В соответствии с этим для выявления общих и частных реакций палеосообществ на климатические флуктуации в работе впервые в общем контексте приводится видовой список и хронологическое положение ископаемых выборок уральских и дальневосточных землероек с точки зрения межрегиональных и внутрирегиональных сопоставлений. Далее в соответствии с современными подходами мы подготовили 182 трехмерные модели нижних челюстей или изолированных m1 и построили морфопространство формы m1 для семи видов Sorex из верхнеплейстоценового слоя MKl-13 и среднеголоценового слоя MKl-7 пещеры Медвежий Клык (Южное Приморье, Россия). Современные выборки из Восточной Сибири (Якутия) и севера Дальнего Востока (Магаданская обл., Камчатский кр., Хабаровский кр.; «холодные» условия обитания) и Южного Приморья («теплые» условия) были включены в морфопространство для актуализации возможных откликов ископаемых выборок на позднечетвертичные колебания климата. Наш анализ выявил: (1) слабую реакцию формы m1 почти всех видов на «холодные» и «теплые» условия среды, кроме S. daphaenodon Thomas, 1907 и S. caecutiens Laxmann, 1788; (2) две группы видов, «генерализованные» и «специализированные» по форме m1, в соответствии с представлениями о распределении трофических ниш среди синтопирующих землероек; (3) диагностический признак для видового определения материала по S. unguiculatus Dobson, 1890 и S. isodon Turov, 1924 в ископаемых выборках.

Ключевые слова

Восточная Сибирь, голоцен, Дальний Восток, ископаемые местонахождения, коллекции млекопитающих, морфопространство, палеосообщество, поздний плейстоцен, R-статистика, Урал, μCT, Sorex, Soricidae

Поступила в редакцию 16 апреля 2023 г. · Принята в печать 14 августа 2023 г. · Опубликована 25 сентября 2023 г.

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