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The main directions in the development of marine parasitology are discussed. The necessity of transition from faunistic researches of parasites to their study as components of marine ecosystems, wide introduction of experimental methods into the study of life cycles of parasites, strengthening of connections of marine parasitology with hydrobiology, the use of new methods of investigations were emphasized. Practical aspects of marine parasitological investigations, in particular their role for fishery, mariculture and acclimatization, were stressed.

23 species of fresh water parasites were recorded from masu salmon of which 11 species were first recorded from this host and 14 species from the Primorye Territory. Monogeneans Tetraonchus awakurai and T. oncorhynchus are specific for this host. Most strongly it is infected with parasites the intermediate hosts of which are benthic organisms. Oligochaetes, larvae of amphibiotic insects and amphipods play a considerable role in the feeding of masu in fresh water. Differences in the parasite fauna of this fish from southern and northern parts of Primorye were found out. In the north the food ration of this species is more limited with predominance of oligochaetes in it. Diversity of water body hydrofauna, the abundance of invertebrates and fishes in it, the history of fauna formation define the peculiarities of parasite fauna of masu.

Peculiarities of endogenous and exogenous developmental stages of the life cycle of Eimeria salasuzica Musajev et Vejsov, 1960, a parasite of Persian jird, and E. akeriana Ismailov et Gaibova, 1983, a parasite of Meriones blackleri, in two first recognized secondary hosts (Meriones vinogradovi and M. lybicus) were studied. The paper gives comparative data on the duration of infection, endogenous stages of development and variability of oocysts of the studied species of Eimeria obtained from the main and secondary hosts.

Data on the infection of birds with Leucocytozoon were suggested to be used for investigation of the structure of hosts' populations in the regions isolated by ecological barriers where breeding places of bloodsucking flies (Simuliidae) are absent. Conducted parasitological investigations have shown that when migrating through the Kurish Spit birds of more northern populations extensively infected with Leucocytozoon either do not merge with local populations of chaffinch, willow-wren and icterine warbler or their portion is quite negligible. This phenomenon is indicative of relative stability of the above Kurish populations of birds.

The pharynx structure was studied by light microscopy in 11 species of Trematoda (one from Aspidogastraea, 9 from Prosostomata, one from Gasterostomata). The morphological characters are described which were found in all species; some of them (the absence of longitudinal musculature in the wall of the pharynx lumen, the lack of pharynx glands) are related to parasitic mode of life. The presence of typical rosulate pharynx in Gasterostomata and some traits of the pharynx structure of trematodes in general witness to their relationship with the forms having rosulate pharynx (Typhloplanoida) rather than with Dalyellioida among the rhabdocoele turbellarians.

In molluscs Hydrobia ulvae (Pennant, 1777) of the White Sea large microphallid cercariae with shortened tail were found. Under experimental conditions they penetrate into littoral gammarids where reach the stage of infective metacercaria within 20—30 days. The structure peculiarities of the metacercariae have allowed to identify them as larvae of the species Levinseniella brachysoma (Creplin, 1837). Detailed morphological descriptions of investigated cercariae and metacercariae and their differential diagnosis with close-related formes are given.

Data are given on the blood amount engorged by the fleas Xenopsylla conformis, X. cheopis, Leptopsylla segnis, Nosopsyllus laeviceps, N. consimilis, Ctenophthalmus golovi, Neopsylla setosa, Citellophilus tesquorum and Coptopsylla lamellifer. The average weight of blood portion in females of different species engorged for the first time ranged from 0.05 mg (X. conformis) to 0.72 mg (C. lamellifer). Females of most species, which had multiple blood meals, engorge more blood. Males engorge less blood than females and blood portions do not increase with age. In all sex-age groups most ectoparasites cease feeding spontaneously after having incomplete blood meal. Indices are suggested for the estimation of saturation rate in fleas during feeding.

The present paper concerns 4 groups of haemolymph cells of fleas (proleucocytes, leucocytes, trophic cells and oenocytoids), results of observations on their phagocytic activity during parenteral infection of insects with bacteria, bacilli, and cells' response to the infection with Microsporidia.

In south Pribaikalje, in the region of the Khamar-Daban ridge, which borders with Baikal banks, there was found in abundant population the tick I. trianguliceps. Data on the ecology of the tick in this particular part of its distribution area and on its ecological links revealed by factor analysis of the tick's habitat of the first and second order by means of electronic computers are given.

Mechanisms of sugar absorption are studied and the presence of Na+-dependent glucose transport system in the cestode Eubothrium rugosum is shown. The effect of temperature and incubation medium composition on Na+-dependent glucose transport system is established. The similarity between digestion processes in parasites and their hosts is shown.

The effect of parthenogenetic generations of Proctoeces maculatus upon the important growth indices of Mytilus galloproviticialis was studied during a year cycle in the experimental and commercial farm. Characteristic peculiarities of the inhibiting effect of parthenitae on the growth of M. galloprovincialis during the observation period were ascertained.

Features of the embryonic development and egg-shell formation of the oxyurids of the genera Binema, Gryllonema, Chitwoodiella and Indiana from the Soviet Far East and Vietnam are described. The numerous filaments, which are situated on the poles of egg-shell, straightened on the completion of the embryonic development.

Heterodera turangae Narbaev, sp. n. was found on roots of Populus pruinosa Schrenk. in the Akdarja region of the Samarkand district and in the Bekabad region of the Tashkent district (Uzbekistan). By the absence of bullae and presence of a thin lower bridge the new species is assigned to the group H. goettingiana. By the absence of bullae it is most close to H. uzbekistanica but differs from the latter in the stylet length of females and larvae, body size of males and length of their stylet. The species differs from H. salixophila in smaller sizes of females and length of their stylet. By the absence of bullae the species is close to H. menthae but differs from it in the stylet length of females and tail length of larvae. By the absence of bullae and presence of lower bridge the species is close to the cystogenous nematode H. cruciferae but differs from it in smaller sizes of larvae and length of male body.

A new bloodsucking species of blackflies from the valley of the Syr-Darya river is described. Psilocnetha almae Yankovsky et Koshkimbajev, sp. n. differs from the relative species P. griseicollis (Becker) by more widened median sclerite, parallel lateral edges of ventral plate, less numerous hooks of parameres of male genitalia; by dense numerous hairs on genital lobes and 8th abdominal sclerite, one thin process on each arm of genital fork of females; by practically indistinguishable postgenal bridge of larvae; by subcylindrical, not flattened, more elongated gills of pupae. Species of the genus Psilocnetha were known before from Afrotropical Region and (in Palaearctic) from Egypt (the Nile Valley).

Kannaphallus lateriporis sp. n. from the fish Caranx sexfasciatus from the Manar Gulf (the Indian Ocean) is described. The new species differs from typical K. virilis Unnithan, 1957 in lateral position of vaginae, small atrial bulbus, short stylet of the copulatory organ and assymetrical valves. The latter character shows to the close relationship between the genus Kannaphalus and members of the family Cemocotylidae. It is suggested to reduce this family to the subfamily Cemocotylinae Price, 1962 (the fam. Heteraxinidae) and include the genus Kannaphallus into it.

Summary is absent.