Diagnostic characters of two rare zoarcids, Krusensterniella multispinosa and K. pavlovskii (Pisces: Zoarcidae), with new data for the Sea of Okhotsk

N.V. Chernova

Proceedings of the Zoological Institute RAS, 2020, 324(3): 371–387 · https://doi.org/10.31610/trudyzin/2020.324.3.371

Full text

Abstract

Diagnostic characters and taxonomic descriptions of two rare zoarcid fishes, Krusensterniella multispinosa Soldatov, 1922 and K. pavlovskii Andriashev, 1955 (family Zoarcidae), have been updated using the type and additional specimens. The type locality of K. multispinosa is located in the northwestern part of the Sea of Okhotsk (55°57ʹN, 138°13ʹE, depth 87 m). The lectotype (ZIN No 19961) was designated by P.Yu. Schmidt (1950). The morphological variability of the species is described, diagnosis is expanded. Additional differences from the species of related genus Gymnelopsis are specified. The distribution of K. multispinosa is limited to the Sea of Okhotsk and depths of 78–160 m. Krusensterniella pavlovskii was known by three type specimens from the Cape Africa, eastern Kamchatka (holotype ZIN No 33748, paratypes ZIN No 56576). Additional specimen derives from the north-eastern part of the Sea of Okhotsk (58°50ʹN, 157°02ʹE), which extends the known range of the species. The description of K. pavlovskii was updated, the diagnosis supplemented. Krusensterniella multispinosa and K. pavlovskii (subgenus Schantarella Andriashev, 1938) differ from other congeners in a larger number of pungent spines in the middle section of the dorsal fin D (XV–XXVI vs. I-XI). The both have 100–112 vertebrae, 95–110 dorsal-fin rays, and 81–94 anal-fin rays. In Krusensterniella pavlovskii unlike K. multispinosa, there are XXIII–XXVI pungent spines D (vs. XV–XX), 71–74 spiny rays in the anterior and middle parts of the dorsal fin (vs. 60–69), and 7 preoperculomandibular pores (vs. 6); the middle section of D with pungent spines is 83-112% of the length of the posterior section of D (43–72% in K. multispinosa) and 26–31% of the tail length, measured from the anal-fin origin to the caudal-fi n en d (vs. 17–22%); the scale cover reaching forward to the pectoral fins (in K. multispinosa not reaching the anal-fin origin.

Key words

Sea of Okhotsk, Krusensterniella multispinosa, Krusensterniella pavlovskii, Zoarcidae

Submitted June 9, 2020 · Accepted July 21, 2020 · Published September 25, 2020

References

Anderson M.E. 1982. Revision of the fish genera Gymnelus Reinhardt and Gymnelopsis Soldatov (Zoarcidae), with two new species and comparative osteology of Gymnelus viridis. National Museum of Canada Publications in Zoology, 1: 1–76.

Anderson M.E. 1994. Systematic and osteology of the Zoarcidae (Teleostei: Perciformes). Ichthyological Bulletin of the J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology, 60: 1–120.

Anderson M.E. and Fedorov V.V. 2004. Family Zoarcidae Swainson 1839 – eelpouts. California Academy of Sciences Annotated Checklists of Fishes, 34: 1–58.

Andriashev A.P. 1938. A review of the genus Krusensterniella from the zoarcid family [Krusensterniella Schmidt (Pisces, Zoarcidae)] with a description of a new species from the Sea of Japan. Bulletin of the Far-Eastern Branch of the USSR Academy of Sciences. 32(5): 117–121. [In Russian].

Andriashev A.P. 1955. New and rare species of the zoarcid family (Pisces, Zoarcidae) from the southeast coast of Kamchatka. Proceedings of the Zoological Institute, USSR Academy of Sciences, 21: 393–400. [In Russian].

Balushkin A.V., Sheiko B.A. and Fedorov V.V. 2011. Catalog of the archival collection of the Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences: class Osteichthyes (bony fishes), order Perciformes, family Zoarcidae. Journal of Ichthyology, 51(10): 950–1034. https://doi.org/10.1134/s0032945211100031

Balushkin A.V., Sheiko B.A. and Prirodina V.P. 2012. Catalog of specimens in the collection of the Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences. Class Bony fishes (Osteichthyes). The Order Perciforms (Perciformes). Suborder Zoarcoidei. Families Stichaeidae, Pholidae, Anarhichadidae. Studies of the Fauna of the Seas, 71: 1–136. [In Russian].

Borets L.A. 1997. Bottom ichthyocenoses of the Russian shelf of the Far-Eastern seas: composition, structure, functioning elements and commercial value. Vladivostok, TINRO Center: 217 p. [In Russian].

Chernova N.V. 1998. Reestablishment of the validity of Gymnelus bilabrus Andriashev 1937 with characteristics of species G. viridis verified (Fabricius, 1780) (Zoarcidae). Journal of Ichthyology, 38(2): 163–169.

Chernova N.V. and Nazarkin M.V. 2020. New Data on the Shortcrevice Eelpout Gymnelopsis brevifenestrata (Zoarcidae) from the Sea of Okhotsk. Voprosy Ichtiologii, 60(4): 1–9. [In Russian]. https://doi.org/10.31857/S0042875220040049

Fedorov V.V., Chereshnev I.A., Nazarkin M.V., Shestakov A.V. and Volobuev V.V. 2003. Catalog of marine and freshwater fishes in the northern part of the Sea of Okhotsk. Dal’nauka, Vladivostok, 202 p. [In Russian].

Lindberg G.U. and Krasyukova Z.V. 1975. Fishes of the Sea of Japan and adjacent parts of the Sea of Okhotsk and the Yellow Sea. Part 4. Leningrad, Nauka, 463 p. [In Russian].

Makushok V.M. 1961. The Neozoarcinae group and its place in the system (Zoarcidae, Blennioidei, Pisces). Proceedings of the Institute of Oceanology, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, 43: 198–224. [In Russian].

Masuda H., Amaoka K., Araga C., Ueno T. and Yoshino T. (Eds) 1984. The fishes of the Japanese Archipelago. Tokyo University Press, Tokyo, i–xxii + 1–437, Pls: 1–370.

Nakabo T. (Ed.) 2002. Fishes of Japan with pictorial keys to the species, English edition. Vol 2. Tokai University Press, Tokyo, i–vii + 867–1749.

Nazarkin M.V. and Chernova N.V. 2003. A new species of Eelpout, Gymnelopsis humilis sp. nov. (Zoarcidae), from the northern part of the Sea of Okhotsk. Journal of Ichthyology, 43(8): 577–581.

Parin N.V., Evseenko S.A. and Vasil'eva E.D. 2014. Fishes of Russian Seas: Annotated Catalogue. KMK Scientific Press, Moscow, 733 p.

Pavlenko M.N. 1914. List of marine stations of 1912 made on the cruiser “Lieutenant Dydymov” (expedition of the Department of Agriculture) in the Eastern seas. Annales of the Zoological Museum of the Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg, 19(1): 5–11. [In Russian].

Radchenko O.A., Chereshnev I.A., Balanov A.A. and Petrovskaya A.V. 2015. Position of Krusensterniella genus (Gymnelinae, Zoarcidae) in the system of Zoarcidae fish family according to molecular genetic data. Journal of Ichthyology, 55(1): 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1134/s0032945215010166

Radchenko O.A. 2017. Molecular Systematics and Phylogeny of Zoarcoid Fishes. GEOS, Moscow, 383 p. [In Russian].

Schmidt P.Yu. 1950. Fishes of the Sea of Okhotsk. Moscow – Leningrad, Publishing House of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, 370 p. [In Russian].

Sheiko B.A. and Fedorov V.V. 2000. Class Cephalaspidomorphi – Stone eels. Class Chondrichthyes – Cartilaginous fishes. Class Holocephali – “complete heads”. Class Osteichthyes – Bony fishes. In: R.S. Moiseev and A.M. Tokranov (Eds). Catalog of vertebrates of Kamchatka and adjacent waters. Kamchatskii pechatnyi dvor, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatskii: 7–69. [In Russian].

Soldatov V.K. 1922. Description of a new species of Krusensterniella Schmidt. Annales of the Zoological Museum of the Academy of Sciences, 23(2): 157–159. [In Russian].

Soldatov V.K. and Lindberg G.U. 1930. Review of fishes of the Far-Eastern seas. Izvestiya TINRO, 5: 1–576. [In Russian].

Taranets A.Ya. 1937. A brief guide to the fishes of the Soviet Far-East and adjacent waters. Izvestiya TINRO, 11: 1–200. [In Russian].