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The paper reports the latest data concerning genesis and structure of opisthorchiasis area; biology, ecology, position in the system and distribution of the first intermediate hosts of Оpisthorchis felineus; peculiarities of infections with Opisihorchis of the first and second intermediate hosts. The methods of chemical control of mollusks, the first intermediate host of Оpisthorchis, are discussed.

Two fish species, Euleptorhamphus viridis and Cololabis saira, were studied for inoriogeneans. 284 specimens of E. viridis collected in nearly all parts of its area in the Indian and Pacific Oceans have been examined. Five species of monogeneans were found in this species: Axine parini, Axinoides kola, Diplaxine popovae and two species of gastrocotylid larvae. None of them were recorded in E. viridis before. In both oceans the infection of E. viridis with Axine parini and Gastrocotylidae g. sp. I larvae was the most extensive. In the Indian Ocean the infection extensiveness of E. viridis with A. parini was higher than in the Pacific. The areas of all parasites were more restricted than that of the host. None of 190 specimens of the saury had any monogeneans.

Larval cestodes were described from chaetognaths and some other planktonic animals of the north-west African coastal waters. They are species of the Trypanorhynchidea (Eutetrarhynchus sp.) and of the Tetraphyllidea (Scolex pleuronectis O. F. Müller of uni and trilocular type). Tetraphyllidea are represented also by blastocysts of the family Phyllobothriidae. Life cycles were discussed and specimens of the last group were compared to those of Rio de Janeiro.

Data on the extensiveness and intensity of infection of Kildin island cod with Echinorhynchus gadi in various seasons are given. E. gadi was proved to have a one-year life cycle and Gammarus duebeni as an intermediate host in the lake. A change of the parasite generations occurs in late summer — autumn. A high extensiveness (100%) and intensity of Kildin cod infection with E. gadi depends on the feeding habits (monophagy) and narrow distribution range of the host. Infection intensity is directly correlated with the fish age. Selfregulation of the parasite quantity in the host's intenstine is an important factor affecting the existence of E. gadi population in Lake Mogilnoye.

Four steroids from tissues of Ascaris suum were isolated and identified by means of the thin-layer chromatography and fluorimetric methods as corticosterone, Cortisol, aldosterone and dehydrocorticosterone. Corticosterone, cortisol and alodosterone are corticosteroid hormones while dehydrocorticosterone is a product of a metabolic transformation of corticosterone. It seems likely that the presence of corticosteroid hormones in tissues of A. suum is indicative of their participation in the metabolism of the latter.

The transition of arthropods, other invertebrates and microorganisms to the nest-burrow habitats was accompanied (if presented in a historical aspect) by an intensive speciation resulting in a rise of a peculiar life form, nidicoles. Now nidicoles are reported in such large taxons as Protophyta, Mycophyta, Protozoa, Nematoda and Arthropoda. The main part of nidicoles is represented by arthropods, members of the orders Acariformes, Parasitiformes, Blattoidea, Saltatoria, Mallophaga, Anoplura, Heteroptera, Coleoptera, Diptera and Siphonaptera.

According to its orographic characteristics and climate the Murmansk region represents a special landscape area of the Atlantic-Arctic zone with its peculiar zoogeographie characters. This specificity is clearly seen in the distribution of 19 species of bloodsucking mosquitoes over the above territory. Abundant and widely encountered are only two species, Aedes punctor and Ae. communis. 9 species, Culiseta alaskaensis, С. bergrothi, Aedes pullatus, Ae. excrucians, Ae. pionips, Ae. hexodontus, Ae. impiger, Ae. nigripes, Ae. diantaeus, are small in number and widely distributed. 8 species, Anopheles maculipennis, Aedes intrudens, Ae. cantans, Ae. cinereus, Ae. cataphylla, Ae. riparins, Ae. lencomelas, Culex pipiens pipiens, are rare and have a restricted distribution.

Haller's organ consists of the capsule, in which are arranged 7 thin-walled porous olfactory hairs, and an anterior group of sensillae situated in the cuticular recess before the capsule. The anterior group is represented by one thick-walled porous, one conical, two thin and two grooved hairs. The porous hairs are characterized by "plugs", the grooved ones — by a complex system of cavities and tubules. Before the organ there are hairs resembling tactile and gustatory receptors of arthropods, behind the organ there arrange hairs with a system of cavities and tubules. Sensible elements of all sensillae studied are bipolar receptor cells bearing one modified cilium on the surface of peripheral processes. The details of the structure of perceptive and accessory apparatus of the above receptors were investigated.

20-, 40- and 60-day old chicks were infected with E. tenella (100000 oocysts). The nature of changes in cholesterol, general fat and lecithin of chicks' blood is the same as at the infection with a small dose (5000) of oocysts of E. tenella. Changes in the lipoid components differ only quantitatively: they are greater at the infection with a greater dose of oocysts that at the infection with a small one.

The infection of chicks with optimal immunogenic doses of oocysts of E. tenella and E. acervulina results in the activation of biosynthesis of proteins and nucleic acids in the Fabricius bursa, spleen, thymus and blind processes of the intestine. The infection causes the increase in the quantity and synthesis intensity of immunoglobulins G and M that suggests a stimulation of cellular and immunity factors in the ogranism of an immunized bird. Maximum changes in biosynthesis of compounds studied are reported four days after the infection that confirms high immunogenic properties of the second generation schizonts, A study of protein synthesis in limphoid organs of chicks infected only with E. tenella has yielded the same results. The infection with E. acervulina caused but negligible changes in the protein metabolism, i. e. coccidians of E. tenella possess more immunogenic properties.

The argentaffine stroma of the liver of some fishes (Perca fluviatilis, Exos lucius, Paracottus kessleri, Coregonus autumnalis migratorius, Thymallus arcticus) is described. The nature and depth of pathological changes in the argentaffine stroma of the liver at its infection with pleurocercoids of pseudophyllids depend on the infection intensity, host's specificity and on the biocoenotic realtionships of hydrobionts in a waterbody.

The main distinguishing characters of the tick Haemaphysalis flava are given herien as compared to other species of this genus from the Primorje territory.

Studies were carried out of karyotypes of Anguina sp. parasitic on four species of wild cereals and two species of sedge. The number of chromosomes in fissing genital cells was found to be n=9 for A. graminophila and n=18 for A. agrostis. Anguina sp. injuring sedge have the haploid number of chromosomes n=18.

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